dunIaF
dIaF DVwlydfr aOrqF ivcoN jrmn mUl dI awq drjy dI
clfk qy izplomyt aOrq kYQrIn mhfn, rUs dI mhfrfxI
aTfrvIN sdI dI aOrq sI. Auh mhfn suDfrvfdI aOrq sI.
Aus ny rUs dIaF srhwdF ƒ dUr–dUr qwk
PYlfieaf. Auh ieMdrf gFDI dI qrHF drbfrIaF ƒ
JukfAux dy smrwQ sI. Auhdy hwQ dy iesLfry Auqy drbfr
brKfsq ho jFdf sI. Auh ijwQoN vI lMGdI Aus dy pYrF dy
insLfn pwQrF Auqy vI AUWkry jFd sn. Aus dI mOq ipwCoN
jdoN iek vfr prsLIan rfjdUq ibsmfrk ny alYgjLYNzr
dUjy dy mihlF dI iek iKVHkI ivcoN bfhr KuwlHy Gfh dy
mYdfn Auqy iek sMqrI ƒ moZy qy qlvfr rwKI KflI
lfan ivc pihrydfrI krdy vyK ky jLfr ƒ puwiCaf ik
ieh ispfhI iks dI pihrydfrI kr irhf hY? qF jLfr ny
afpxy ispfh slfr ƒ ies dI izAUtI bfry puwiCaf.
pr Auhƒ vI kuJ nhIN sI pqf. qF Aus ny kmFzr
ƒ bulfieaf pr Auh vI kuJ nhIN sI jfxdf. qF Aus
ielfky dy jrnYl ƒ bulfieaf igaf. jrnYl ny inmrqf
nfl jvfb idwqf ik ieh sMqrI iewk purfxI rvfieq anusfr
pihrydfrI kr irhf hY. pr jdoN rfjdUq ny Aus purfxI
rvfieq dy muwZ bfry puwiCaf qF jrnYl ny byvsI jLfhr
kridaF iKmf mMgI. qurMq jLfr ny hukm idwqf ik, pVqfl
krky mYƒ irport kro. iqMn idn dI hPVf-qPqI qoN
bfad pqf cwilaf ik awj qoN awsI sfl pihlF bsMq dI iek
svyr ƒ kYQrIn mhfn ny ies brPfnI mYdfn ivc iek
KUbsUrq Puwl Auwigaf vyiKaf sI. Aus mhfrfxI ny Aus
Puwl ƒ qoVy jfx qoN bcfAux leI iek pihrydfr
sMqrI dI izAUtI lfAux df hukm idwqf sI. hux AuQy kuJ
vI nhIN hY pr sMqrI awj vI lgfqfr AuQy pihrydfrI krdy
af rhy hn. izAUtI lgfqfr bdldI rihMdI hY. idlcsp gwl
hY ik Kud jLfr ny vI kdI ies pfsy iKafl nhIN sI
idwqf. iehƒ kihMdy hn purfxy hfkmF dI hdfieq. jo
pIVHI dr pIVHI cwlI afAuNdI hY. ieh iek Audfhrx hY.
imsr, bybIlon, asIrIaf, hUdIaF, mYksIknF, cIn, Bfrq,
XUnfn, romn, ieslfmI, swiBaqfvF ieMj hI cwldIaF
afeIaF hn. swiBaqf pYdf huMdI hY. inXm bxdy hn. Kqm
ho jFdI hY qy iPr pYdf huMdI hY.
pr
iPr vI vrqmfn ivc jIxf qy ies ƒ cMgyrf bxfAux dI
koisLsL krnf mnuwK df afid kfl qoN sMklp irhf hY.
iesy leI hI lyKk purfxy rUVIvfdI rIqI irvfjLF qy
inXmF ƒ inrfrQk smJdy hoey vrqmfn dI nroeI
AusfrI leI XqnsLIl rihMdy hn. ieh mnuwK dI hoxI hY.
sLfied ieh vI koeI kfrn hovygf ik mYN vylf ivhf cuwky
kfƒnF qy smyN qoN pCV geIaF sMivDfink qurwtIaF
vwl lokF aqy srkfr ƒ smyN dy hfxI hox dI axpuwCI
slfh afpxIaF ilKqF ivc idMdf rihMdf hF. mYƒ
AudoN hor vI mfnisk sMqusLtI huMdI hY jdoN myrI qrHF
hI dsLy dy rfsLtrpqI, pRDfn mMqrI qy sMsd, vylf ivhf
cuwky kfƒnF ƒ smyN dy hfxI krn dy vfady
krdy hn.
mYN
pMjfb srkfr dI iBsLRtfcfrI ivroDI muihMm dy hwk ivc
iliKaf sI ik ieh smyN dI loV hY. pr kfƒn tuwtI
ZUhI vflf hY. sMsd dy ipCly smfgm ivc kyNdrI
kfƒn mMqrI ny ikhf sI ik srkfr iBRsLtfcfr ivroDI
kfƒn ƒ kfrgr bxfAux leI vwzIaF qrmImF krn
bfry ivcfr kr rhI hY. ipCly idnIN Aup rfsLtrpqI sRI
BYroN isMG Kfvq ny vI srkfr ƒ dws idwqf hY ik,
ieh vylf ivhf cuwkf kfƒn hY. AunHF ikhf ik ieh
kfƒn aMgryjLF ny bxfieaf sI ijs ivc irsLvq dyx
vflf vI dosLLI hY. Aup rfsLtrpqI ny puwiCaf ik jy
irsLvq dyx vflf hI dosLI hY qF irsLvqKorF dI isLkfieq
koeI ikAuN qy ikvyN krygf? ies kfƒn ƒ bdlx
dI loV hY.
mYN
sLLurU ivc kYQrIn dI khfxI pfeI sI. ieh sfzI ivvsQf
Auqy awj vI iqMn sdIaF bfad lfgU huMdI hY. aMgryjLF
ny kfƒn afpxI BfrqI bsqI Auqy rfj krn leI bxfey
sn. Auh cly gey. pr asIN Ausy qrHF dI rUsI mfniskqf
anusfr awj vI svf sO qoN lY ky zyZ sO sfl purfxy
kfƒnF nfl rfj pRbMD clf rhy hF. AudoN BfP dy
ieMjx sn, hux rfkt hn. AudoN qlvfrF qy brCy sn, hux
imjLfeIlF qy asfltF hn. sfzy ienHF purfxy kfƒnF
shfry aprfDF ƒ rokxf ieMj hI hY, ijvyN iksy
ivdysLI hmlfvr tYNk ƒ sfzI POj qIr kmfnF nfl
qoVx dI koisLsL krdI mr jfvy (asIN kwcy huMdy
Auhƒ hId kih idMdy hF). iesy kfrn iksy afriQk
aprfDI ƒ sjLf nhIN huMdI. idvfnI JgiVaF dy
inptfry ƒ kuJ smyN dy hfxI bxfAux leI sfzI sMsd
ny aMgryjLF dy jLfbqf idvfnI koz 1908 ƒ aKIr,
qkrIbn sO sfl bfad 2002 ivc iksy hwd qwk bdl ilaf hY.
dyr afied drusq afied.
pr
POjdfrI kfƒn AuhI 1860, 1872 aqy 1898 vfly cwl
rhy hn. isrP mfmUlI Pyrbdl hI kIqy gey hn. iehI kfrn
hY ipCly vIh sflF ivc nMgy hoey vwzy–vwzy
skYNzlF dy dosLI vI adflqF ivcoN sLwk dI ibnf Auqy
bfiewjLq brI hox df lybl icpkf ky snmfnXog isLhrI bx
jFdy rhy hn. jnqf mUMh awzI vyK rhI hY. pr hux pMjfh
sfl bfad hI shI. afKr sMsd ivc ihljul qF hoeI hI hY.
ipCy ijhy BfrqI kfƒn kimsLn ny POjdfrI
kfƒnF ivc soD krn dI isPfrsL kIqI hY. kfƒn
ivBfg ies Auqy ivcfr kr irhf hY.
sfry
kfƒnF ƒ ies lyK ivc nhIN smyitaf jf skdf.
iPlhfl cricq idwlI dMigaF dy dosLIaF dy brI hox dI hI
gwl krdy hF. swjx kumfr smyq hux qwk dy sfry dosLI
idwlI dMigaF ivcoN brI ho cuwky hn. gujrfq vfly vI ho
jfxgy (ies lyK dy ilKx ipwCoN gujrfq ivwc 21 dMgfkfrI
brI ho cuwky hn). pihlF 1947 ivc vI iksy df kuJ nhIN
ivgiVaf. kfrn kI hY? myrI injI rfie hY ik iksy
dMgfkfrI ƒ sfzy mOjUdf POjdfrI kfƒnF hyT
dMgfkfrIaF ƒ sjLf hoxI asMBv hI hY. isafsI kfrnF
leI ies lyK ivc jgHf QoVHI hY. ies leI kfƒnI
pihlU hI ivcfrFgy.
sfzf
kfƒn mMg krdf hY ik muljLmF dy nF aYP[afeI[afr[
ivc hoxy cfhIdy hn. kI ieh sMBv hY ik dMgfkfrIaF dI
BIV dI koeI gvfh pihcfx krky AunHF dy nF prcy ivc drj
krvfey. awgy irport ilKxf pulIs df kMm hY qy pulIs
srkfrI hukmF dI pfbMd hY. so awDf kys qF ieQy hI Auwz
igaf. dosLI sLwk dI ibnHf Auqy ipwCoN JUTy Psfey kih
ky brI ho jFdy hn. dUjf nukqf sfzf gvfhI kfƒn
(1872) kihMdf hY gvfh ieh dwsy ik iks ny llkfrf
mfiraf, iks ny tfier gl ivc pfieaf, iks ny qyl pfieaf
qy iks ny qIlI lfeI. iek vI glq ibafnI nfl dosLI sLwk
dI ibnHf Auqy brI ho jFdy hn. iPr agFh gwl qurdI hY
ik kI post mfrtm hoieaf sI (dMigaF dy post mfrtm kOx
krfAuNdf hY) jy nhIN hoieaf qF imRqk dI mOq wkI hY.
dosLI iPr brI. agFh khfxI qurdI hY ik kI zfktrI
irport qy gvfh dI gvfhI imldI hY? jy zfktrI mOq Curf
vwijaf dwsdI hY qy gvfh lfTIaF nfl kuwt ky mfiraf
kihMdy hn qF iPr sLwkI khfxI hY. jy vkIl qy gvfh kys
ƒ lmkfAux Auqy hI qur pYx qF iPr kys purfxf hox
kfrn adflq kihMdI hY ik hux ieMny sflF bfad dosLI
ƒ jylH Byjxf byiensfPI hY. jy vkIl muljLm ƒ
isKf ky gYrhfjLr kr dyx qF iPr kys do sfl ltk jFdf
hY, ikAuNik muljLm dI hfjLrI jLrUrI hY. adflq ƒ
muljLm ƒ BgOVf krfr idMidaF sflF lMG jFdy hn qy
jdoN acfnk muljLm pRgt ho jfvy qF iPr sfrI khfxI
muwZoN sLurU hovygI. AudoN qwk psLyIaF Bugq cuwky
gvfh qy mudweI Kud hI Gry bYT jFdy hn. jy zfktr pYsy
lY ky, gvfh pYsy lY ky jF mudweIaF dIaF DmkIaF qoN zr
ky aqy srkfrI vkIl byeImfnI krky kys df BwTf ibTf
dyvy qF dosLI iPr brI. jy gvfhF ny dsLIaF dI sLnfKq
TIk smyN nhIN kIqI. (dMgfkfrIaF dI huMdI hI nhIN) qF
vI dosLI brI. jy aTfrF sfl Aumr df ivgiVaf dMgfkfrI
vIh afdmIaF ƒ mfr dyvy qF vI sjLf koeI nhIN. Aus
ƒ suDfr Gr Byj ky cMgf mnuwK bxn df mOkf dyx df
kfƒn hY. mrn vfly BfvyN pytF ‘coN kwZ ky
mfry gey (gujrfq) mfsUm hI hox. jy cfr dosLIaF ny
dMgf pIVq kuwt ky mfr idwqf pr zfktrI irport kihMdI
hY ik mOq isrP isr dI swt nfl hoeI qy isr vflI swt
bfry gvfhF ny iksy dosLI dy kIqy vfr bfry nhIN
iliKaf. ies kfrn sLwk dI ibnHf Auqy sfry hI brI.
kfƒn
ieh nhIN kihMdf ik mfiraf qF sfiraF ny hI sI. dhfkf
Br ltky kys ivc jy sfry gvfhF ny ieMn ibMn ieko ijhI
khfxI nhIN dwsI qF gvfh wkI hn. dosLI Pyr brI. AuproN
jy dosLIaF ƒ vwKo vwKry jurmF leI do, cfr, Cy,
ds (kuwl bfeI) sfl dI sjLf ho jfvy qF ieh sfrIaF
sjLfvF iekwTIaF cwlx df kfƒn hY. XfnI vwzI sjLf
ds sfl. Aus ivcoN vI awDI kwtxI huMdI hY. AuproN nvIN
srkfr bxn dI KusLI ivc, iksy sQfpnf idvs dI KsLuI
ivc, afjLfdI dI vrHy gMZ jF jublI dI KsLuI ivc sfl do
sflF dIaF muafPIaF imldIaF hI rihMdIaF hn. mqlb
inkldf hY isPr. pr ijs df koeI vflI vfrs nf hovy, Auh
bgYr PYslf hoieaF vI Aus dy jurm bdly imlx vflI kuwl
sjLF qoN vI vwD kwt jFdf hY. aMkVy dwsdy hn ik mfVI
iksmq vflf aqy sfDnf ivhUxf mnuwK hI kYd kwtdf hY.
pr
aijhf ikAuN hoieaf? kI ieh koeI igxI imxI sfijLsL hY
jF sfzf kfƒnI ZFcf? qusIN swc ƒ PFsI vrgy
nfvl jF khfxIaF jLrUr pVHIaF hoxgIaF. iksy Bly vyly
gvfhF dI JUTI gvfhI qy jfalI iqafr kIqy sbUqF kfrn
koeI bygunfh PFsI cVH igaf sI. AudoN qoN hI sfzy
kfƒn aqy adflqF dI aMqr afqmf kMb AuwTI. inaF
sLfsLfsqr dI ieh iPlfsPI bxf leI geI ik iksy bygunfh
ƒ Cwzx leI sO gunfhgfrF ƒ brI kr dyvo. iehI
iensfP hY. pr hux jLmfnf bdl cuwkf hY. aprfD krn dy
nvyN nvyN ZMg qrIky inwkl afey hn. Kfs qOr Auqy
dMgfkfrIaF ƒ AuksfAux vfly qy afriQk aprfD krn
vfly (TwgI mfr ky amIr bxn vfly) bhuq clfk aqy
byeImfn lok hn. hux Dfrnf ieh hoxI cfhIdI hY ik iek
byksUr ƒ jy Cwzxf pvy qF bywsLk Cwz idAu, pr sO
gunfhgfrF ƒ vI nfl hI Cwzxf mudweI iDr nfl srfsr
byiensfPI hovygI.
dosLIaF
ƒ TIk sjLf nf imlx df dUjf kfrn hY ik sfzI pulIs
qy adflqF bhuqf Brosf nhIN krdIaF. Auh smwglr dI QF
Auqy amlI Auqy kys bxf idMdy hn. bMdf, mflk ny mfiraf
huMdf kys zrfievr Auqy bx jFdf. kys dI khfxI aksr
mnGVq huMdI hY. aMgryjL sfzI ies iBRsLt mfniskqf
ƒ jfxdy sn. iesy leI awj qoN iek sO qIh sfl
pihlF AunHF gvfhI kfƒn ivc Dfrf 25 drj kIqI sI
ik iksy pulIs aPsr awgy dosLI vloN afpxy jurm df
iekbfl kIqy jfx dI gvfhI ƒ adflq nhIN mMnygI.
sB
leI iensfP aqy smfijk brfbrI leI POjdfrI kfƒnF
ƒ qurMq bdlx dI loV hY. iehI sfzf sMivDfink
sMklp hY. Aup rfsLtrpqI, kfƒn mMqrI qy kfƒn
kimsLnF dy suJfvF Auqy sMsd ƒ qurq aml kr ky jn
sfDfrn ƒ ieh ivsLvfs idvfAux dI loV hY ik iensfP
hoieaf hY qy huMdf hY vrnf dMgfkfrIaF aqy iBsLRtfcfr
ivwc Psy dosLIaF dy ieMJ hI brI huMdy rihx qoN jn
sDfrx df kfƒn aqy inaf pfilkf ivwcoN ivsLvfs
AuwT jfvygf aqy aijhI siQqI kfƒn ƒ afpxy
hwQ ivwc lYx leI mjLbUr krdI hY aqy bdly dI Bfvnf
ƒ jnm idMdI hY.
bI[aYs[iZwloN,
aYzvokyt
146, aYzvokyt sosfietI, sYktr 49–ey[
cMzIgVH – 160047
Pon: 0172–631684
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