zfierI:

zfierI sLbd df arQ socidaF hI sfzy mn ivc pihlf arQ ieho hI afAuNdf hY: idn, aqy qrIkF dsdI CotI ijhI not-buwk (zfierI) ijs ivc loV anusfr kdy-kdfeIN koeI jLrUrI gwl XfdgfrI vjoN jF “rIkfrz” leI ilKI jf sky.

zfierI dy sLbd-kosLI arQ hn: rojLnfmcf, dYnkI, zfierI, pqrI, jMqrI.

zfierI rojLfnf vrqx vflIaF GtnfvF, nObqF, vfrdfqF, mhwqvpUrn sMjogF dI sihj nkl, ilwKq, pRqIilpI jF ilwKqI suirwKiaq vyrvf jF Xfdgfr huMdI hY.

aijhI zfierI ilwKx ivc vrqI jfx vflI bolI sfdf aqy guMJlF rihq huMdI hY.

jOrnl kI huMdf hY?

“jOrnl” df sLfbidk arQ hY: rsflf, pwqr, aKLbfr, rojLnfmcf, lfg-buwk, rojLfnf GtnfvF df ivvrx (ivAurf), jhfjL df rojLnfmcf. “jrniljLm”- pwqrkfrI, pwqrkfrqf jF aKLbfr nvIsI kihlfAuNdI hY.

zfierI aqy jOrnl dy sLfbdk arQ vyKidaF Bfsygf ik jOrnl vI iewk prkfr nfl zfierI hI huMdI hY. pr jOrnl ivc zfierI dy mukfbly qy GtnfvF nUM ijLafdf ivsQfr ivc idwqf jFdf hY. zfierI ivc gwlF/GtnfvF/sMjogF df bhuq sfDfrn ieMdrfjL huMdf hY jd ik jOrnl ivc lyKk dI afpxI hONd aqy aMqr-afqmf df Jlkfrf imldf hY. jOrnl ivwc GtnfvF df vyrvf ivsQfr ivc qF huMdf hI hY pr iesdy nfl hI “jOrnl” ilKfrI afpxI soc, afpxI Bfvnf, afpxy zr, afpxI afsLf-inrfsLf, afpxy ivsLvfsL, afpxy suJf, afpxy supny, afpxIaF dlIlF aqy ieCfvF df vI ijLkr kridaF afpxy afp nUM vI pRqIibMbq krdf hY. iewk qrHF nfl jOrnl, ilKfrI df afpxf afp hI huMdf hY.

qF iPr iewk jOrnl/zfierI ivc kI kI idwqf jf skdf hY?

awj dy smyN ivc jOrnl aqy zfierI nUM afm krky sm-arQF ivwc hI ilaf jFdf hY. zfierI/jOrnl ivc bhuq kuJ idwqf jFdf irhf hY aqy ies ivc bhuq kuJ smf skx dI sLkqI hY. prkfsLq “jOrnljL” aqy “zfierIaF” qoN ies sbMD ivc jo syDF imldIaF hn AuhnF dI rOsLnI ivc iehnF kuJ suJfvF qy ivcfr kIqI jf skdI hY:

(1) mnuwK krm aqy ikiraf sLIl hY. krm-ikiraf nfl pRqIikiraf jF pRqIkrm vI juiVaf rihMdf hY. mnuwK afly-duafly qoN pRBfivq huMdf hY. pRBfv gRihx krky pRqIikiraf df krm AusdI sMvydnsLIlqf Auqy inrBr krdf hY. hux Audfhrn leI pfTk ieh sqrF pVH rhy hn qF inscY hI Auh hux qwk pVHIaF hoeIaF iehnF sqrF sbMDI kuJ pRBfv rwKdy ho skdy hn. ieMJ hI asIN jo kuJ pVHIey Aus sbMDI afpxy pRBfv afpxy jOrnl/zfierI ivwc ilwK skdy hF.

(2) mnuwK afpxy afly-duafly qoN aiBwj nhIN rih skdf. dYink kMmF kfrF ivc jF smfj ivc ivcridaF mnuwK df sfhmxf BFq BFq dy ivAuhfrF nfl huMdf hY. AusnUMM, inwq idhfVy, idn-rfq, AuksfAU, BVkfAU, icVfAux vfly anykF hI, qjrby huMdy hn. AusdI njLrIN, qrHF qrHF dy vrqfry lMGdy hn. aijhy sfry ivAuhfr aqy njLfry AudfhrnF, hvfilaF afid dy rUp ivc Ausdy idl-idmfg qy asr krdy hn. Auh iehnF sB vrqfiraF nUM afqm-sfq kridaF afpxI soc dy myc df krky iehnF sbMDI ilwKidaF afpxy inwjI ivcfr dy skdf hY aqy ieMJ pRqIbwDqf nfl ilwKidaF ilwKidaF Auh isrjxf vlF vwDdf jfvygf.

(3) afpxI zfierI ivc zfierI lyKk, cMgy mMdy njLfiraF, kMnF ivc sLihd Golx vflIaF aqy idlF nUM vlUMDV jfx vflIaF afvfjLf, mihk mihk kr dyx vflIaF sugMDIaF aqy idmfg nUM JMJoVn vflIaF durgMDF Bfv hr prkfr dy mfhOl nUM hU-b-hU jF afpxy inwjI pRBfvF dy nfl drj kr skdf hY.

(4) afpxy XfdgfrI plF nUM sMBflx df kMm vI zfierI krdI hY. afpxy cyqy dI cMgyr nUM ProlidaF hwQ afey plF dI kImqI pUMjI df ijLkr bVy ivsQfr aqy awj dy rU-b-rU rwKky idwqf jf skdf hY.

(5) hr mnuwK dIaF iksy nf iksy kfrn jF akfrn hI inwjI qFGF, cfhqF, iewCfvF, aiBflfsLfvF, prsMnqfvF, zr aqy guwsy dIaF icxgF afid huMdIaF hn. iehnF nUM vI zfierI ivwc sMBfl ky iehnF df pRqIkrm vyiKaf jf skdf hY.

(6) idlcsp aqy XfdgfrI imlxIaF ivc imly mnuwK (iesqrI) dy ryKf icwqr vI zfierI df isLMgfr ho skdy hn.

(7) imwqrqf pflidaF vYr iqafgx dI cfh krnf bhuq vwzI gwl hY. imwqrqf aqy vYr dI CfxbIx aqy aMg-inKyV krn leI zfierI ivwc drj kridaF, sLbdF dI rOsLnI ivc, afpxI aMqr-afqmf ivc Jfkx df mOkf imldf hY. zfierI sfzy afpxy leI qF lfhyvMd huMdI hI hY pr ieh dUijaF df (quhfzI afigaf nfl jF Cwpx qy) Blf aqy AuqsLfh dyx df kMm vI krdI hY.

ieMJ hI pfTk afpxI loV anusfr Auprokq suJfvF ivwc hor vI vfDy kr skdy hn.

(13 virHaF dI “aYn PrYNk” aqy “my sfrtn” dIaF zfierIaF pVHn nfl hI sbMD rwKdIaF hn)
“aYn” aqy “my sfrtn” dIaF zfierIaF sbMDI lyK pVHn leI iewQy kilwk kro.