(1) brqfnvI pMjfbIaF dI pMjfbI df svfl (jnvrI 1984),
(2) ividaf suDfr ibwl aqy afm sYkMzrI skUlF dy bwicaF df BivwK (dsMbr 1987), aqy
(3) brqfnvI skUlF ivwc pMjfbI df aiDafpn (23 julfeI 1995 nUM nOitMGm ivKy piVHaf igaf prcf)

iehnF lyKF nUM pVHn AuprMq aqy rcnfvF dy isrlyKF aqy Cwpx iqwQIaF nUM vyKidaF pqf lwg jFdf hY ik ‘pMjfbI bolI’ dy ivsLy nUM hI ivcfiraf jf irhf hY aqy iehnF lyKF rfhIN iewk qrHF nfl 1984 qoN lY ky 1995 qwk ‘pMjfbI leI’ ho rhy smuwcy XqnF df hI ieiqhfs isrijaf/sFiBaf igaf hY.

pihlf lyK: 'brqfnvI pMjfbIaF dI pMjfbI df svfl' hY. muwK rUp ivwc ieh lyK BfvyN 'hrbKsL mksUdpurI' dy BfsLf sbMDI pihlF ilKy lyK ivwc AuTfey kuJ iewk ivsLysL nuwkiqaF nUM GoKdf hY pr iesdy nfl hI bhuq hI sihj nfl 'pMjfbI dy svfl' df jvfb lwBx dI vI pUrI koisLsL krdf hY. BfsLf aqy nslvfd df colI-dfmn df sfQ irhf hY. ies leI jdoN vI pMjfbI bolI dI gwl huMdI hY qF nslvfd df vI ijLkr iCVdf hY. ies lyK df afrMB 'nslvfd' dI pirBfsLf Auqy ivcfr krn dI pRyrnf vI idMdf hY. nslvfd kI hY? ivqkrf ikvyN hY? kI ivqkrf nIgro nsl, afrIaf nsl aqy mMgol nsl dy afDfr Auqy hovy qF hI nslvfd aKvf skdf hY?

ZysI hurIN 'mfrksvfdI' jF sLRyxI afDfr qy huMdy ivqkry dI ivcfr ivwc nf pYNidaF ies gwl qy gLOr krn leI pRyrdy hn ik brqfnvI srkfr ‘nslvfd’ iksnUM kihMdI hY? Bfv ‘'brqfnvI pfrlImYNt' nslvfd nUM ikvyN pirBfsLq krdI hY. srkfrI qOr qy afiKaf igaf hY ik 'ijhVf mnuwK iksy mnuwK/grwup dIaF BfvnfvF nUM, Aus dy svY-vkfr nUM, siBafcfr nUM hyc smJdf hY, BfvyN Aus grwup dI koeI nsl hovy, koeI kOm hovy jF koeI dysL hovy, nslvfdI hY.' ZysI jI nslvfd dI ies pirBfsLf dy aMqrgq svfl AuTfAuNdy hn: 'kI ies afDfr Auqy Aus hYzmfstr nUM nslvfdI afKxf jurm hY jo iswK bwcy nUM pwg nhIN bMnHx idMdf?'

ieh hvflf vulvrhYNptn dy Aus skUl hYzmfstr sbMDI hY ijhVf iewk iswK bwcy nUM skULl ivwc pwg bMnHx qoN vrjdf hY aqy svrgvfsI inrMjx isMG nUr vloN hYzmfstr nUM ‘nslvfdI’ afKx leI nUR nUM mukdmf Bugqxf pYNdf hY. drasl ‘nslvfd aqy pMjfbI bolI dy ivkfs’ df suafl afps ivwc juiVaf hoieaf hI hY.

iesy hI lyK ivwc lyKk siBafcfr dI cIr-PfV kridaF 'siBafcfr aqy siBaqf' vwl vI Jfq puafAuNdf hY. lyKk spsLt krdf hY ik ‘siBaqf’ df sbMD 'kfrjsLIl vsIilaF' nfl huMdf hY jd ik 'siBafcfr sfnUM ivrsy' ivwc imldf hY. ieh aijhf igafn hY ijhVf 'iewk pIVHI dUjI pIVHI nUM pRdfn' krdI hY.’ sMsfr dIaF sfrIaF bolIaF BYxF hn mMinaf jf skdf hY. pr iehnF dI iksmq vwK vwK hY. pYNzy vwK vwK hn. brqfnIaF ivwcly pMjfbI bwcy dohrI mfr df isLkfr hn. iewk pfsy AuhnF nUM nslvfd df mukfblf krnf pY irhf hY dUjy pfsy sLRYxI-swc dy mwQy nfl afhZf lfAuxf pY irhf hY.

ZysI jI dlIl dy ky kfiel krdy hn ik hor XUrpIn BfsLfvF dI pVHfeI nfloN pMjfbI bwcy leI 'pMjfbI' jLrUrI hY. afpxy ies lyK ivwc Auh iewk hor imwQ qoN vI prdf lfhuMdy hn ik pMjfbI bwcy afpxI mrjLI nfl aMgryjLI iswK rhy hn aqy Auh pMjfbI nhIN pVHnf cfhuMdy. drasl qwQ dwsdy hn ik 'ieh bwcy gwlF jLrUr aMgryjLI ivwc krdy hn pr jdoN nslI iGrxf dy sqfey hoey gflH kwZdy hn Gwt igxqI bolI ivwc hI Bfv pMjfbI bwcf pMjfbI ivwc hI.

iesdy nfl hI pMjfbI (Gwt igxqI bolI) aMgryjLI smyq dUjy ivisLaF nUM smJx ivwc shfeI huMdI hY. pMjfbI nUM dUjI BfsLf dy rUp ivwc nhIN sgoN pRfiemrI styj qoN afrMB krky sYkMzrI styj qwk jfrI rihxf cfhIdf hY. lyKk df qF ieh kihxf vI hY ik pMjfbI bwcy nUM kyvl pMjfbI BfsLf hI nhIN sgoN Ausdf sfihq vI pVHfAuxf cfhIdf hY.

dUjf lyK 'ividaf suDfr ibl aqy afm aYkMzrI skUlF dy bwicaF df BivwK' hY. ies lyK ivwc ZysI hurIN brqfnIaf dy ividaf mMqrI imstr bykr vloN brqfnvI pfrlImYNt ivwc pysL kIqy gey Aus ibwl df ijLkr kr rhy hn ijhVf kihx nUM qF 'suDfr ibwl' hY pr asl ivc bhuq hI hfnIkfrk pRBfv pfAux vflf Xqn sI.

brqfnIaf dI ividawk pRxflI df afpxf iewk lMmf cOVf ieiqhfs hY. ivsQfr dI nf qF guMjfiesL hI hY aqy nf hI loV hI. brqfnIaf dy muwZly afm skUl 1944 dy aYjUkysLn aYkt aDIn clfey jFdy rhy hn. ies aYkt rfhIN sfiraF leI hI brfbrI dy afDfr Auqy lfjLmI ivwidaf df pRbMD hoieaf. lfjLmI krfr idwqf igaf ik ik hr iksy nU Gwto Gwt pVHnf qF jLrUr afvy. pr ieh aYkt shI arQF ivwc lfBkfrI iswD nhIN hoieaf. sB nUM brfbr dy mOky nhIN sn iml rhy. afm lokF leI jo ivwidak pRxflI apnfeI geI Aus anusfr aMgryjLI dy awKrI igafn dy nfl nfl dsqkfrI vfly ivsLy pVHfey jfxy vI afrMB hoey. iehnF skUlF df nfm sYkMzrI mfzrn skUl rwiKaf igaf. iehnF skUlF ivwc kyvl Auh hI bwcy jFdy ijhVy pRiemrI skUl ivwcly 11 sfl dI Aumr hox Auqy idwqy jfx vfly iemiqhfnF ivwc Gwt nMbr lYNdy. dUjI gwl ijhVy bwcy cMgy nMbr lYNdy AuhnF nUM grfmr skUl jfx dy mOky imldy. ieh pRbMD inrsMdyh pwKpfqI sI.

iswty vjoN 1960 dy lfgy-cfgy smuciqk (kMprhYNisv) skUl hoNd ivwc afey. iehnF skUlF ny ivigafn aqy qknIkI ivisLaF dy nfl nfl ieiqhfs, BUgol, sfihq aqy afDuink BfsLfvF nUM vI gOilaf. sI[aYs[sI[ aqy E lYivl pRmfixq pRIiKafvF hoNd ivwc afeIaF. pr mMdyBfgIN iehnF skUlF rfhIN 'nPrq aqy ivqkry' nUM iksy iksm dI nwQ nf pY skI. keI qrHF dIaF koisLsLf hoeIaF pr pwky pYrIN kuJ vI nf hoieaf. 'ivwidaf' inafiesLIl nf ho skI.

lyKk ny Kulfsf kridaF spsLt kIqf hY ik ies ibwl dI ivvsQf anusfr hux skUl sQfnk kONsl dy pRbMD aDIn rihxy jLrUrI nhIN hoxgy Bfv jykr kONsl pRbMD aDIn cwl rhy iksy vI skUl dI pRbMDkI sBf aqy skUl dy bwicaF dy mfipaF dI 51% sMiKaf cfhy qF afpxf skUl 'sQfnk' aiDkfr Kyqr qoN bfhr lY jf skdy hn. kyNdrI srkfr AuhnF dI iswDI afrQk shfieqf krygI. iesdf nqIjf kI inklygf? iksy pFDy nUM puwCx dI loV nhIN. kONslF ny bhu-siBafcfrk aqy nslvfd dy ivruwD ijhVIaF nIqIaF hux qwk apnfeIaF sn, ieh skUl, AuhnF nIqIaF Auqy clx qoN mukq hoxgy. koeI sfmfn avsr nhIN idwqy jfxgy. sLFqI aiDaYn df skUlF ivwc nF nhIN ilaf jfvygf.

ieMJ judf hox AuprMq kONsl dy aiDkfr Kyqr ivwc rih gey skUlF df vI rol bdl jfvygf. vsIly sImq hoxgy. 'cMgy/mMdy' skUlF dI hoNd afrMB hovygI. dfKly dI KulH aDIn pysLfvr srdy-puwjdy mfpy afpxy bwicaF nUM cMgy skUlF ivc dfKl krvfAuxgy. ZysI hurIN ies ibl dI bVI brIkI nfl cIrPfV krky shI iswtf kwZdy hn ik ieh ividwak suDfr ibwl amIr aqy grIb vrgF leI vwK vwK ivwidaf df pRbMD kridaF bhu-siBafcfrk smfj Ausfrn dy XqnF nUM nkrdf hY.

qIjf lyK: 'brqfnvI skUlF ivwc pMjfbI df aiDafpn' pirvfr aqy ividafly dy inktvrqI sbMDF nUM Aujfgr kridaF spsLt krdf hY ik pirvfr aqy ividaflf afpxI afpxI QF vwK vwK huMidaF hoieaF vI iewk dUjy nfl juVy hoey aqy iewk dUjy ‘qy inrBr hn. BfsLf aqy siBafcfr df afrBMk dOr pMjfbI bwcy dy Gr qoN hI afrMB huMdf hY. ZysI hurF vloN idwqI Audfhrx vyKx Xog hY. Auh ilKdy hn:

"mF bcy nUM god ivwc lY ky Ausdf mUMh ipqf vwl krvf ky afKdI hY ik 'ieh qyry zYzI hn', qF Auh ikRaf sLbd nUM bhuvcn ivwc vrq ky pMjfbI siBafcfr aqy kdrF-kImqF df sbk dy rhI huMdI hY."

ieh swc hI qF hY. prvfr aqy ividaflf iewk dUjy dy pUrk hn.

ies qoN awgy bcpn qoN inklky bwcf bfhrly sMsfr ivwc afAuNidaF pihlF 'cfeIlz mfeINzrF' aqy nrsrIaF qoN gujLrdf hoieaf skUl ivwc dfKl huMdf hY. Gr-prvfr, cfeIlz mfeINzr, nrsrIaF aqy skUl sB 'bwcy dy smfjI-krx' ivwc shfiek huMdy hn.

1985 ivwc pRkfisLq hoeI svYn irport ‘BfsLfeI iviBMnqf’ nUM svIkfr krdI hY, kmytI alp sMiKak BfsLfvF(ivdysLI nhIN) bolx vfilaF vwl nFh-pwKI njLrIey nUM ‘BfisLk quawsb mMndI hY aqy svYn kmytI alp sMiKak BfsLfvF dIaF loVF nUM ivsLfl rUp ivwc vyKx df anuroD krdI hY.

pr alp sMiKak pMjfbI bolI dI jdoN vfrI afAuNdI hY qF rvweIaf bdl jFdf hY. lyKk ZysI ies 'svYn rIport' df ijLkr kridaF ies vloN Cy virHaF dI imhnq nfl iqafr rIport dy Auwpr drj kuJ aMgF nUM 'pMjfbI iswiKaf' Auqy lfgU kridaF ieMJ dsdf hY:

(1) ijWQy ijWQy sMBv ho sky skUlF ivwc BfisLk ivWidaf idwqI jfvy. arQfq pMjfbI nUM aMgRyjLI dy sihXog ivwc ivWidaf dy mfiDam vjoN pRXog ivwc ilaFdf jfvy.

(2) pMjfbI nUM brkrfr rwiKaf jfvy. arQfq pMjfbI ividafrQIaF dy pMjfbI BfsLf dy igafn nUM nrsrI, ienPYNt, pRfiemrI aqy sYkMzrI skUlF ivwc mrn nf idwqf jfvy. pMjfbI nUM bqOr iek ivsLy dy pVHfieaf jfvy.

(3) pMjfbI nUM sYkMzrI skUlF ivwc iewk afDuink 'ivdysLI BfsLf' vjoN vI hor BfsLfvF vFg hI pVHfieaf jfvy.

vyiKaf jf skdf hY ik pMjfbI leI ieh kuJ nhIN hoieaf. ZysI hurIN 'brqfnvI nvInqf aqy mslhq df kmfl ivKFidaF brqfnvI pwKpfq df shI nmUnf pysL krdy hn. svYn kmytI iek pfsy qF -BfisLk quasb nUM aXog mMndI hY pr dUjy pfsy ‘pMjfbI’ sbMDI Auprokq iqMnF ivwcoN pihly do nUM iblkul hI rwd krdI kihMdI hY ik pMjfbI nUM kyvl iek ivdysLI BfsLf vjoN isrP sYkMzrI skUlF ivwc hI pVHfieaf jfxf cfhIdf hY. dohry mfpdMz spsLt idws pYNdy hn. XUrpIn BfsLfvF nUM qrjIh dyx leI ‘pMjfbI’ df glf Guitaf jFdf hY.

afpxI gwl nUM agHF qoridaF lyKk bVI hI sPLlqf nfl dlIlF idMidaF pMjfbI BfsLf dI skUlF ivwc loV nUM inafie-sMgq kridaF kihMdf hY:

"pMjfbI BfsLf aqy siBafcfr bwcy dIaF DfrnfvF aqy mfniskqf df suBfvk aqy ainKVvF aMsL hY. aMgryjLI vfqfvrx dy sMdrB ivwc pMjfbI bwicaF dI qrbIaq leI ies dI qIbr loV hY."

iesdy nfl hI lyKk pMjfbI BfeIcfry nUM vI pRyrdf hY ik Auh pRfiemrI skUlF ivwc pMjfbI dI pVHfeI dI ivvsQf dI mMg krn, sYkMzrI skUlF aqy XUnIvristI pwDr ‘qy pMjfbI aiDafpn dIaF shUlqF leI XqnsLIl hox.

iehnF lyKF nUM pVHn AuprMq inrsMkoc afiKaf jf skdf hY ik hrdyv isMG ZysI ny afpxy ‘pMjfbI dy ivsLy nfl’ sbMDq iehnF lyKF rfhI nf kyvl afpxI sUJ-bUJ df hI sbUq idwqf hY sgoN ieh vI sfbq kIqf hY ik AuhnF dI, afpxy ‘cuxy hoey ivsLy’ Auqy pUrI pkV hY. bolI ‘qy kfbU hY. AuhnF nUM pqf hY ik afpxI gwl dUjy qwk ikvyN phuMcfAuxI hY. sLbd cox aqy vfk bxqr bVI ipafrI, inafrI aqy imafrI hY. afpxI gwl bVI hI srlqf aqy spwsLtqf nfl afKx df gur hY AuhnF pfs. lyKk vDfeI df pfqr hY.

ieh sMqoK aqy prsMnqf dI gwl hY ik AuhnF dIaF smyN smyN isr sfrIaF hI pRkfisLq rcnfvF nUM pusqk rUp ivwc ilaFdf igaf hY. kfsL ieh kfrj AuhnF dI ihXfqI ivwc hI ho skdf.

iPr vI dyr afey druwsq afey.

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