brqfnvI skUlF ivc pVHfAux vfly aiDafpk jF aiDafpkfvF nUM aksr bhuq sfrIaF aOkVF df sfmxf krnf pYNdf hY. iehnF ivcoN sB qoN vwzI aOkV AuhnF nUM afAuNdI hY ijhnF pfs koeI pwkI nOkrI nhIN huMdI jF ijhVy hflF splfeI tIicMg dy qOr qy kMm kr rhy hNMdy hn. “splfeI tIicMg” dy qOr qy kMm kridaF aksr inwq nvyN nvyN skUlF ivc aqy inwq nvIaF aqy vwKrIaF vwKrIaF klfsF ivc jf ky pVHfAuxf pYNdf hY. inwq nvIaF nvIaF klfsF lYx kfrn aiDafpkF leI agfAUN pfT dI iqafrI kr skxI asMBv huMdI hY. aijhI siQqI ivc Psy aiDafpk/aiDafpkfvF leI iek nyk slfh idwqI geI hY. jdoN vI quhfnUM iksy nvyN skUl dI nvIN klfs pihlI vfr pVHfAux df mOkf imly qF sB qoN pihlF sfrI klfs nUM iek iek kfgLjL dy ky afKo: “ilKo.”

puwC hovygI: “kfs bfry?”
jvfb idAu: “afpxy bfry.”
“afpxy bfry?”
“hF, hF afpxy bfry.”

aiDafpn dy kfrj ivc ieh iek sPLlqf pUrbk vriqaf ZMg hY ijhVf ik sdf hI kMm krdf hY. “afpxy bfry ilKxf” iek aijhf isrlyK/ivsLf hY ijs bfry hr sLRYxI dy ividafrQI/ividafrQxf nUM kuJ nf kuJ jLrUr hI pqf huMdf hY. AuhnF dI ilKq ivc XQfrQ huMdf hY aqy nfl hI suMdr aqy pRBfvsLflI ivsLysLxF dI sjfvt ivc kwijaf swc vI.

aqy jdoN quhfnUM ieh ikhf jFdf hY aqy slfh idwqI jFdI hY ik afpxIaF purfxIaF XfdF sbMDI ilKo qF iek qrHF nfl ieh vI “quhfnUM, quhfzy afpxy bfry hI iek qrHF nfl ilKx dI hI slfh hY.” aqy swc jfnxf ik kI, hr lyKk afpxIaF ilKqF ivc ieho hI nhIN krdf? krdf hY, pr Auh afpxI ilKq ivc iksy nf iksy rUp ivc jLrUr hI DVkdf hY. pr--

pr afpxy bfry ilKxf, afpxIaF XfdF, afpxI jIvnI aqy afpxI zfierI ilKxf aqy iPr ilwK ky pRkfsLnf krky pfTkF qk phuMcfAux ivc Zyr sfrIaF musLklF hn. pihlI gwl qF ieh hY ik pfTkF nUM kI loV peI hY ik Auh quhfzI jIvnI nUM pVHy jF quhfzI sÍY-jIvnI nUM vfcy. hF, jykr koeI pRiswD rfjnIqk lIzr hovy, Puwt-bflr hovy, sMgIqkfr hovy, lyKk hovy, prDfn mMqrI hovy qF sLfied quhfzI ilKI sÍY-jIvnI nUM pfTk pVHnf cfhux aqy quhfnUM koeI pbilsLrjL iml jfvy.

jYnyt boaeI nyy 1966 ivc ilKxf afrMB kIqf aqy iPr kdy Aus ny muV ky ipCFh vl nhIN qwikaf aqy ilKx kfrj bVI hI bcn-bDqf nfl jfrI rwiKaf. jYnyt boaeI, grInk akyzmI ivc 1960 ivc “ienPYNts” dI muwK aiDafipkf rhI aqy 1970 ivc iPnfrt hfeI skUl, grInk ivKy “irmIzIal ivisLaF” dI ipRMsIpl aiDafipkf rhI. 1950 ivc aYc aYm jylH grInk dy borstl ivBfg ivc Aus nUM pVHfAux df bhuq hI idlcsp qjrbf hoieaf. Ausny sB qoN pihlF ryzIAu leI bwicaF sbMDI khfxIaF aqy nftk ilKy aqy iesdy nfl hI ryzIAu rfhIN lYkcr aqy bihsF ivc Bfg ilaf. AusdIaF keI drjn khfxIaF, ieiqhfsk aqy ividak lyK, kivqfvF afid aKbfrF aqy pricaF ivc CwpIaF. pr Auh “pYnI trfeIlojI” svY-jIvnI lVI leI su-pRiswD hY ijs ivc Ausny 1930, 1950 aqy 1970 ivc klfeIzsfeIz skUlF df vyrvf idwqf. AusdIaF ikrqF leI 1973 ivc lyKkF dI skfitsL aYsosIeysLn vloN kfnstybl trOPI prdfn kIqI geI. awj Auh ies sMsQf dI mIq-prDfn hY. ies ipwCoN Ausny ieiqhfsk nfvl iliKaf aqy awjkl Auh 20vIN sdI dy ividak ZFcy sbMDI sÍY-jIvnI Auqy kMm kr rhI hY.

jYnyt boaeI ny sÍY-jIvnI ikAuN ilKI sbMDI ivcfr pysL kridaF spsLt kIqf ik bwicaF nUM pVHfAux df kfrj ksLtmeI hox dI QF ikMnf Aulfs meI ho skdf hY jykr aiDafpk, aiDafipkf XQfrQvfdI hovy aqy hr cIjL nUM AusdI idRsLtI-sImf jF mq anusfr dyKy. arQfq aiDafpk, aiDafipk aqy lyKk dI phuMc, vsqU-pUrk jF XQfrQk hovy aqy Auh hr gwl, hr smwisaf nUM AusdI shI ipwT-BUmI anusfr dyKx leI qqpr rhy. lyKk dI idRsLtI iksy vI pwK-pfq qoN swKxI hoxI cfhIdI hY.

drasl “sÍY jIvnI” ilKx leI koeI bhuq vwzf mMqv cfhIdf hY. isrP afpxI mYN nUM pwTy pfAux leI ilKxf Auicq nhIN aqy nf hI aijhf iliKaf, piVHaf jF mfixaf hI jfxf hY aqy inscY hI aijhI ilKq ny sfihq df vI kuJ nhIN sMvfrnf. ieh sMBv hY ik quhfzy-sfzy jIvn ivc vI bhuq sfry cMgy-mMdy hfdsy vfpry hox aqy durGtnfvF nfl sfhmxf hoieaf hovy. pr vyKx vflI gwl ieh hY ik kI sfzy-quhfzy nfl vfpiraf ieh sB kuJ, iksy dUjy leI pVHn dI pRyrnf bx skdf hY?

jYnyt df kihxf hY ik lyKk ny jdoN iek bfr “kuJ” ilKx df PYslf lY ilaf hovy qF Aus “kuJ” df mMqv sdf hI sfhmxy rwKxf cfhIdf hY. ivsLysL krky Aus smyN jdoN ik quhfzI sÍY-jIvnI quhfzy ikwqy qk hI sImq hovy qF. pr jykr lyKk ny jnm AuprMq, pMGUVy ivc rfqF kwtx qoN lY ky mOq qk puwjx df hI sPLr AulIkxf hovy qF Ausdf pRXojn kyvl idwl-iKcHvyN, mnmohxy jF rIJfAux vfly anuBvF df pRgtfvf vI ho skdf hY. pr---

pr jykr iksy lyKk df ierfdf sÍY-jIvnI ilKx df hovy qF ies gwl dI pwk kr lYxI cfhIdI hY ik lyKk df ikhf hoieaf swc aqy idwqf hoieaf vyrvf pfTk qk ieMJ puwjy ik Auh ilKq ivc pfTk dy sfhmxy afpxy duwK-drd, KusLIaF-KyVy aqy sPLlqfvF/asPLlqfvF dy afhmxy sfhmxy KVo sky.

dUjy arQF ivc asIN ieh mMndy hF ik iek sÍY-jIvnI ivc vI iek cMgI khfxI vfly gux hoxy cfhIdy hn. iesdy nfl hI ieh mMnx ivc vI iJJk df anuBv nhIN krdy ik “svY-jIvnI” ilKxf, ilKx sLYlI nUM bnfAux aqy ivksfAux df iek bhuq hI cMgf aqy lfhyvMdf sfDn hY. sÍY-jIvnI ilKx dy aiBafs nfl, lyKk df kihx ZMg, inrol Ausdf afpxf aqy isrP Ausdf inwjI, nvyklf aqy afpxf hI bxdf/Ausrdf hY.

iek pRiswD nfvilst aqy khfxIkfr aYirk ilnklytr (Eric Linklater) ny afpxy khfxI sMigRh God Likes them Plain ivc ikhf hY: A good story is a good story or a bad story only by virtue of the style in which it is told.

khfxI nUM sLYlI hI khfxI bxfAuNdI hY. aqy sLYlI bnfAux leI jdoN qusIN sÍY-jIvnI ilKogy qF asIN ieh mMn ky qurdy hF ik qusIN(lyKk) afpxI Xfd khfxI df awKr awKr afpUM hI, afpxy inwj dy aMdfjL ivc hI ilKogy. sMBv hY ik qusIN afpMU kdy iksy ikqfbF dI dukfn Auqy ruldIaF peIaF aksr bhuq sfrIaF svY-jIvnIaF dyKo jhVIaF ieMJ dIaF ilKIaF nhIN imldIaF. bhuqIaF ilKIaF sÍY-jIvnIaF qF sfihqk pirBfsLf dy nyVy vI nhIN ZuwkdIaF. agHF asIN drj krFgy ik jYnyt boaeI sÍY-jIvnI ikvyN ilKdI hY aqy ilKx sbMDI kI suJf idMdI hY.

ieh PYslf krn AuprMq ik iek lyKk pfs Auh sB sfmwgrI (kwcf mfl) Aus dy idmfg (isr) ivc BrI peI hY qF iPr bfkI Aus leI ieqnf hI bwcdf hY ik Auh kfgLjL lvy aqy pYwn hwQ PVy aqy ilKxf afrMB kr dyvy. koeI vI ieqnf ku kMm qF kr hI skdf hY pr aijhf “ilKx kfrj” smfpqI AuprMq pVHn qy Jwt hI dws dyvygf ik Auh lyKk afpxI ilKq ivc tpUsIaF mfr irhf hY. Aus ivc sMDI, joV-imlfp nhIN kyvl AuwGV-duGVy ivcfr hI hoxgy. afpxIaF XfdF sbMDI ilKx vfly lyKk vI aksr Buwl jfx dI gLlqI krdy hn ik sÍY-jIvnI vI iek ZFcf mMgdI hY.

lyKk pfs mOjUd kwcy mfl nUM pysL krn leI ZFcy dI loV hY. kwcf mfl, mUl rUp ivc qwQ hoxgy, hkIkqF hoxgIaF aqy GtnfvF dI kVI/kVIaF hoxgIaF iehnF ivcoN ilKq ivc dyx leI cox krnI pvygI ikAuNik ieh sB qwQ pfTkF leI asMgq, asbMiDq aqy by-quky hox kfrn AuhnF dI idlcspI df kfrn nhIN hoxgy. ies leI jYnyt boaeI iek qrqIb df ijLkr krdI hY jo lfhyvMd sfbq ho skdI hY. lyKkF nUM cfhIdf hY ik Auh kwcy mfl nUM qrqIb dyx leI KulHy kfgLjLF vflIaF not-buks lYx. iehnF dy kwvr jLrf ku sKq/mjLbUq hoxy cfhIdy hn ikAuNik iehnF dI bhuq vrqoN kIqI jfxI hY. ieh ilKx kfpIaF sdf hI lyKk nUM afpxy ilKx sQfn dy nyVy hI rwKxIaF cfhIdIaF hn.

sB qoN pihlF iksy sLbd, vfk jF pYrfgrfPL ivcoN Xfd afAuNdy qwQ ilKo aqy iPr Aus qwQ sbMDI Cotf ijhf pYrfgrfP ilKxf vI Xfd rwKo. iek qwQ dy cyqy afAuNidaF hI lyKk dy cyqy ivc hor hor qwQF dIaF XfdF dI Brmfr vI rOlf pfAuNdI imlygI. ies ipwCoN iek smF afvygf ik jdoN lyKk iehnF qwQF nUM imqI vfr qrqIb dyxf jLrUrI smJygf. ieMJ qrqIb dyx smyN ieh vI spsLt ho jfvygf ik bhuq sfry qwQ aijhy vI hn ijhVy mhqwv-pUrn nhIN aqy iehnF qwQF dI vrqoN krnI rcnf leI lfhyvMd nhIN hovygI. ies AuprMq ijvyN ijvyN ieh msflf iekwTf hoeI jfvy, afpxy sfk-sMbMDIaF, irsLqydfrF, dosqF-imwqrF qoN vI afpxIaF XfdF (kwcy msfly) dI qsdIk krvfky soDdy jfAu. ieh cyqf vI bVI ajIb idmfgI hiQafr hY, ksrq hY. cyqf kridaF sfnUM hYrfnI hovygI ik sfnUM afpxy BUq bfry ikMnf ku cyqy afAuNdf hY aqy ies qoN vI vwD ik ikMnf ku Xfd nhIN afAuNdf. iesy kfrn hI afpxy qwQF dI qsdIk krnI bhuq jLrUrI hY. imwqrF/irsLqydfrF pfsoN keI aijhIaF GtnfvF df cyqf af skdf hY ijhVIaF jLihn coN inkl cuwkIaF hox.

ieh iekwTy kIqy sfry qwQ vwK vwK isrlyKF hyT ilwK ky sMBfly jf skdy hn aqy iPr ilKx smyN iehnF nUM qrqIb dyNidaF by-quwky aqy asMgq qwQ kwty jf skdy hn. lyKk nUM cfhIdf hY ik isrPL aijhy hI qwQ dyvy ijhVy idlcsp hox aqy loVINdy vI. iesdy nfl hI dUjIaF ilKx kfpIaF ivc, quhfzy ilKy jfx vfly smyN ivc, sQfnk, pRFiqk, dys-prdys Bfv sMsfr dy hor dysLF ivc vfprn vflIaF GtnfvF df vI islisly vfr ieMdrfj hoxf cfhIdf hY qF jo qusIN ilKy jfx vfly smyN nUM afpxIaF inwjI jIvn dIaF GtnfvF dI rOsLnI ivc bfhr vfprIaF GtnfvF nfl joVidaF dyK sko. sÍY-jIvnI ilKidaF lyKk kyvl afpxy inwjI jIvn bfry hI nhIN ilK irhf huMdf hY sgoN ipwT-BUmI vjoN afpxy prvfr, gvFZ, ipMz, sLihr, pRFq, dys, prdys bfry vI ilwK irhf huMdf hY. ies leI ies smyN dIaF mhwqv-pUrn GtnfvF df jfnxf jLrUrI hY. lyKk dI sÍY-jIvnI ivc idwqy vrnx dI mhfnqf, smyN dy ieiqhfsk, Dfrmk, smfjk aqy rfjnIqk vyrvy nfl hI hY. ikAuNik koeI vI inwjI jIvn smyN qoN iksy nf iksy rUp ivc pRBfivq hoey ibnf nhIN rih skdf. hor qF hor lyKk nUM ilKy jfx vfly smyN dy inwjI vyrivaF ivc mOsm aqy ruwqF dy qwQF df vrnx vI krnf cfhIdf hY. ruq/mOsm df jIvn Auqy pYNNdy pRBfv nUM vI drsfAu. mMn lAu iksy df jnm koiety ivc Aus smyN hoieaf hovy jdoN ik AuQy Bucfl afey hox. lyKk leI jLrUrI hY ik Auh ies smyN afey Bucfl jF hVF jF pYNdI brPL dy pRBfv vI drsfey. gwl kI sÍY-jIvnI ilKx leI ieiqhfsk, rfjnIqk aqy smfjk qwQF df koeI iensfeIklopIzIaf jF sMdrB gRMQ bhuq hI lfBdfiek iswD ho skdf hY.

ieMJ hI purfxIaF aKbfrF, aKbfrF dy qrfsLy aqy qsvIrF vI kMm af skdIaF hn. brqfnIaf ivc afpxy pUrvjF dy pqy kwZx leI jykr qusIN skOitsL ho qF rijstr hfAUs, aYznbrf qoN pqf kIqf jf skdf hY aqy jykr qusIN aMgryj ho qF smrsYt hfAUs qoN pqf kr skdy ho. Bfrq ivc rihMidaF leI gMgf dy pFizaF qoN vyrvy iml skdy hn jF ipMz/sLihrF dy ptvfrIaF aqy cOkIdfrF pfsoN. drasl sÍY-jIvnI ilKx leI vI lyKkF nUM hr qrHF dI Koj krn leI iqafr rihxf cfhIdf hY.

jYnyt boaeI dsdI hY ik jdoN Aus ny afpxf vyrvf ilKxf afrMiBaf qF AusnUM 1932 df vrnx kridaF ies gwl df pqf nhIN sI lwg irhf ik Aus smyN “afmdn tYks” df dr kI sI. ieMnspYktr afPL tYksjL qoN pqf krn qy dwisaf igaf ik Aus smyN hr iewk pONz dI afmdn mgr 5 sLilMg tYks lwgdf sI. AusnUM ieh vI dwisaf igaf ik ijhnF dI sflfnf afmdnI 175 pONz qoN Gwt sI AuhnF nUM awj dy sfZy bfrF pYNs pRqI pONz tYks lwgdf sI. 1932 ivc aiDafpkF dI afrQk hflq qF hor vI Krfb sI. bhuq Gwt aiDafpk 175 pONz sflfnf qoN vwD pFdy sn.

inscY hI, sÍY-jIvnI dy muwK pfqr qoN ibnF vI hor pfqr hoxgy. ieh pfqr pRsMnqf dyx vfly vI hoxgy aqy a-pRsMn krn vfly vI. sÍY-jIvn iPksLn nhIN huMdI. ies leI, ies ivc sB df vyrvf swc swc hoxf cfhIdf hY. pr hux pRsLn AuwTdf hY ik qF iPr iek lyKk iksy bfry ilKidaF The Law OF Libel qoN ikvyN bwc skygf? swc qF ieh hY ik iblkul nhIN bwc skygf. ies leI hI sÍY-jIvnI ilKx vfly lyKk nUM pUrI smJ aqy sihnsLIlqf nfl ilKxf bxdf hY ik Aus dI ilKq iksy dI Bfvnf nUM Tys nf phuMcfvy aqy koeI dUjf ilKq kfrn by-iejLqI df anuBv nf kry. lyKk leI jLrUrI hY ik Auh iksy pfsoN nPLrq dI pRfpqI krn leI aijhy sLbd/vfk nf vrqy ik AuhnF ivc lyKk ivruwD bdlf lYx dI Bfvnf jfigRq ho jfvy. jykr qusIN (lyKk) afpxI ilKq ivc afpxI jF iksy hor dI aflocnf krdy ho qF afpxy Auqy hwso vI. ieMJ kridaF qusIN vYr-ivroD dI Bfvnf nhIN jgfAugy. hF, qusIN kuJ nF bdl skdy ho pr iPr vI kfnUMnI qOr qy qusIN iek lyKk dy qOr qy ijLMmyvfr ho ik iksy dI sfK nUM ieMnI hfnI nf phuMcy ik Ausdy sfDnF qy rok lwgy. AuNJ, lyKk dy nfl nfl hI pbilsLrjL aqy sMpfdk vI bhuq mfihr huMdy hn aqy Auh ilKq ivc afeIaF aijhIaF KfmIaF vlF iDafn duafky, lyKk pfsoN soD-suDfeI vI krvf lYNdy hn. pr lyKk dI jfxkfrI anusfr hflF pMjfbI ivc aijhf krn dI prpftI Gwt hI hY.

lyKkF nUM iDafn rwKxf cfhIdf hY ik sÍY-jIvnI, iksy hor sfihqk ilKq vFg hI rIporitMg nhIN. iPksLMn nfvl vFg hI iswDy spft mOiKk ibafn (vfrqflfp) dI vrqoN kIqI jfxI cfhIdI hY aqy Gwto Gwt pUry ibafn df awDf ihwsf jLrUr hI vfrqflfp df hoxf cfhIdf hY.

sÍY-jIvnI dI vI bhuq mfrikt hY. pMjfbI ivc vI bhuq sfrIaF sÍY-jIvnIaF ilKIaF geIaF hn. lokIN (pfTk) swcy qjLrby pVHn leI ipafsy hn. hor qF hor hr iek pfTk ivc vI Gwto Gwt iek ikqfb qF mOjUd hY hI. bs smwisaf hY ik pfTk dy aMdr luwkI ikqfb nUM sÍY-jIvnI dI sLkl ikvyN idwqf jfvy.

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