ijs
qrHF pMjfb keI vfr suMgiVaf aqy Cotf
hoieaf hY Ausy qrHF pMjfbI icwqrklf pRqI sfzf njLrIaf
vI suMgiVaf aqy sMkIrn hoieaf hY. jd asIN
awj pMjfbI icwqrklf ’qy JfqI mfrdy hF qF ies
ivwwc sLMky dI koeI gwl hI nhIN rih jFdI. ajokI
pMjfbI qsvIr sfzy sfhmxy sfPæ dr sfPæ hY.
-myrI
Bfvy pMjfb ivwc klf isrPæ klf leI hI AuBrnI cfhIdI
sI qF jo klf ivwc inKfr af jFdf. inwwKrI aqy suwwlJI
hoeI klf hI iksy cMgy kMm af skdI jF kuwJ suafr skdI
sI/hY.klf df klf leI hI kMm hoxf cfhIdf sI
“bdiksmq” ies nUM sgoN kuwJ AUt ptFg kih ky
hmysLf hoxo tfilaf jFdf irhf hY. klf isrP klf leI hY.
awj ies vfry koeI do iKafl nhIN hn. AuwwsrI aqy
inwKrI hoeI klf hI swB rogF df dfrU hY. -Drm aqy
Drm dy pYrokfr iks qrHF klf aqy klfkfrF nUM afpxy
ihwq Kfqr vriqaf hY, dI iewk imsfl iewQy dydF hF. -icwqrkfr
Dfrimk gRMQF jF ilKqF df aiDan krky qsvIrF bnfAuNdy
rhy hn. icwqrkfr dI KæfihsL huMdI hY ik Auh iewk
aijhf icwqr bnfey jo pihlF iksy Aus vrgf nf bnfieaf
hovy. nfl hI AusdI ieh vI koisLsL
huMdI hY ik Ausdf icwqr aslIaq dy kfPæI njædIk hovy.
jd koeI icwqrkfr aslIaq dy lfgy ho ky icwqr AulIkdf
hY qF AusnUM bhuqI vfrI kfPær jF Drm ivroDI krfr dy
idwqf jFdf hY. iesy qrFH ieh hMgfmF Aus vyly
vfpiraf jd ietflIan icwqrkfr kfrfvfjLIE (1573-1610)
ny aslIaq dy lfgy ho ky gwl krnI cfhI. kfrfvfjLIE nUM
iksy rom dy crc leI iewk qsvIr bnfAux leI ikhf igaf
sI.Ausny mfQIEs nUM pivwqr sLbd ilKdy icwqr ’c
drsfAuxf sI. kfrfvfjLIE ny aslIaq nUM vfc ky icwqr
bnfxf afrMiBaf.
jd
AusdI bxfeI hoeI ies qsvIr nMU asIN dyKdy hF, qF asIN
kI dyKdy hF ik ies qsvIr ’c mfQIEs awD-gMæjF hY
. Ausny klm aqy kfgjæI pwqiraF nUM iewk ajIb hI ZMg
nfl bVy hI sihmy hoey PiVaf hoieaf hY.Ausdy pYr
ibafeIaF Bry aqy gMdy hn.ies qrHF lwgdf hY ik Auh
glIHN ’c iswDf AuwT ky huxy hI afieaf hY. mfQIEs
dy hflfq ies qsvIr ivwc kuwJ aijhy pRqIq huMdy hn ik
Ausny klm pihlI vfr afpxy hwQ AuTfeI hY. jo Auh ilK
irhf hY Aus nUM rwbI bfxI drsfAux leI njædIk Ausdy
kol iewk PæirsLqf KVf hY ijsny mfQIEs nUM ilKx leI
pRyrnf hY.ies qsvIr nUM kfrfvfjLIE ny sfl 1598 ivwc
mukMml kIqI sI. ieh qsvIr Ausny pUrI GoKæ krky
aslIaq dy nfl myl KFdI bxfeI sI. jd Ausny ieh qsvIr
crc vfilaF nUM idKfeI qF kfrfvfjLIE nUM Aus vkq
nmosLI df mUMh qwkxf ipaf .AunFH qsvIr svIkfr nf kIqI.
iPr
iewk qsvIr Ausny sfl 1600 ’c iqafr kIqI . hux
Ausny qsvIr bnfAux lwgy koeI aYsf cfns nhIN ilaf ik
AusnUM iPr AuhI nmosLI df mUMh dyKxf pey.ieh qsvIr
AusdI pfs ho geI. awj jd asIN iehnF dohF qsvIRrF nUM
dyKdy hF ik svIkfr hox vflI qsvIr ’c kfrfvfjLIE
iemfndfr nhIN hY. ikAuNik ieh qsvIr Ausny lokF dy
suafd nuM muwK rwK ky bxfeI sI/hY.
kfrfvfjLIE
ny bhuqy icwqr afpxy anuBvF nUM muwK rwK ky icwqry,ijs
sdky hI Auh spyn[hflYNz aqy PrFs dI klf aqy klfkfrF
leI iewk somf sfbq hoieaf.eysy sdky hI iehnF pRBfvq
dysLF ’c kdI vI nf imtx vfly icwqrkfr isqfry
pYdf hoey.klf dI dunIaF ’c idlcspI rwKx vflf ies
vfry kOx nhIN jfxdf! pr kfrfvfjLIE qoN bfhd klf dy
Kyqr ivwc anykF Auqrfa cVfa afey hn, gMgF aqy pMj
pfxI bhuqy nhIN vwg sky hn. jykr pMjfb dy klf ieiqhfs
Aupr JfqI mfrIey qF sfnUM kuwJ ies qrFH df lwBdf nhIN
hY ijwQy icwqrkfr ny afpxy afp nUM afpxy icwqrF
’c jgfH idwqI hovy?
iesdy
kfrx kI hn? dy jvfb lLwBxy pYxgy.
icwqrklf
aqy icwqrkfr iksy nf iksy Drm df hI BwT JoKdy rhy hn. swBy
DrmF dy rwwKvfilaF , pYrokfrF ny icwqrkfrF pfso AuhI
aKvfieaf/krvfieaf hY jo Auh Kuwd cfhMdy rhy hn. icwqrklf
aqy icwqrkfr df afpxf Drm vI qF hY. ijs
qrHF sfihq aqy sfihqkfr df sMgIq aqy sMgIqkfr df. -hux
Aupr idwqI Audfhrx nUM 400 sfl qoN vI vwD df smF bIq
cuwkf hY. jdoN icwqrkfrF afpxI afvfjL nUM afpxy
icwqrF ‘c suxnf sLurU kr idwqf sI. asIN ieho
ijhI socxI/krnI nUM afm lokF ivwc qF bfd ‘c
dyKFgy pihlF qF ieh swB kuwJ sfnUM icwqrkfrF ivwc
lwBxf peygf. ik AuhnF pfs afp afpxy icwqrF ’c
kuwJ kihx leI hY. iewQy asIN qF pyitMg nUM smJx
smJfAux dI hI gwl CyVI hY. jykr asIN jo awj-kwl klf-jgq
’c ho irhf hY nUM dyKIey inrol pyitMg qF sfnUM
dIvf lY ky hI lwBxI peygI.awj icwqrkfr dy idl/mn
’c kihx nUM bhuq kuwJ hI nhIN sgoN bhuq gMuJldfr
vI ho igaf hY ivcfrI “pyitMg” nUM ieh socxI
df Bfr AuTfxf aiqaMq musLkl jfpdf hY. icwqrkfr drsLwk
kolo vI bhuq kuwJ mMgdf hY. drsLwk nUM vI Auh AunF hI
ayYktv dyKxf cfhuMdf hY ijMnF Auh icwqr bnfAudy/socdy
afpxy afp nUM mihsUsL krdf hY. jykr pMjfbI lok afpxf
idmfg ajy klMzrF nfl Brn ’c Psy hoey hn AuhnF df
qF koeI ksUr nhIN hY.lokF ny qF afpf iksy nf iksy qwQ/ibMb
nfl Brnf hI hoieaf. hF, icwqrkfr ieho ijhy klMzr ikAN
bnf rhy jF AuhnF kolo bnfey jf rhy hn?
svfl
sfzf kfPI iDafn mMgdf hY.
mYN
pMjfbI GrF ’c aijhy klMzr afm dyKdf hF. iehnF
klMzrF ’c idRsL huMdy hn: cwkI pIhdIN, duwD
irVkdI, kxk CwtdI, pING JUtdI, pwKf JwldI jF iPr
igwDf pfAudIaF muitafrF afid. ieho ijhy klMzr ikAuN
bnfey jFdy hn iehnF nUM bnfx df kI mksd hY?
-kI ieh
ies krky bnfey jf rhy hn ik pMjfbI ivrsy nUM sMBfilaf
jf sky?
-qd
ieh klMzr kUVy qoN ielfvf kuwC vI nhIN hn. Nieh qF
pyitMg dy 'nym' dy iblkuwl ivruD jFdy hn. jd kYmrF
afpxI hoNd ‘c afieaf sI qF Ausny klfkfrF nUM
kuwJ nvF socx leI vMgfiraf sI. ikAuNik pihlF icwqrkfr
iewk kYmry df vI kMm krdf sI. kYmry dy aOx ny AuhnUM
ies kMm qoN Pfrg kr idwqf. icwqrkfr ny afpxIaf hor
anykF awKF/prqF hI nhIN KolIaF sgoN kYmry nUM vI
duafrf afpxf aMg iewk ajb ZMg nfl bnfieaf. myrf Bfv
hY ik ies qrHF dy klMzr kYmry dI iewk kilwk sfnUM
asfnI nfl dy skdI hY. icwqrkfr df krqwv isrPæ afpxy
smyN nUM hI icwqrnF hY. jykr Auh ieh nhIN kr pFdf qF
Ausdf afpxy smyN nfl Dwkf, myrI jfcy ies qoN vwD hor
koeI ho hI nhIN skdf.
-pMjfb
dy sMdrB ’c ieh kihx qoN mYnUM koeI musLkl nhIN
ik :
awj
sfKIaF nUM icwqrx dI loV nhIN, sLfied sLbd gurU nUM
icwqrx dI loV hY !
afDuink
pMjfbI jIvx nUM icwqrx dI jrUrq qF ies swB qoN vI
ikqy vDyry hY. -kfdrI sfihb kihMdy hn ik bhuqy lok
kihMdy hn ik AunF nUM myrI pyitMg smJ nhIN afeI.sLfied
iehI qF iewk klfkfr dI dyx huMdI hY ik Auh AuhI bnfdF
hY jo sfnMU nhIN idsdf.jykr klfkfr ny lokF dy idl dI
gwl krnI hY qF aijhf klfkfr “klf” isrjn dI
bfjLI sLurU krn qoN pihlF hI hfr cuwkf huMdf hY.
klfkfr ny qF lokF nUM kuwJ nvF dyxf huMdf hY.klf vI
AunIN dyr qwk idlcsp rihMdI hY ijMnI dyr Auhdy ivwc
nf pkVy jfx vfly qwq mOjLUd rihMdy hn.sfnUM Auh icwqr
afpxy vwlIN hmysLf ies leI iKwcdy hn ik AunF icwqrF
’c kuwJ ajy aijhf hY jo afm awK dI smJoN bfhr hY
aqy Aus nUM smJx dI Gflxf krdy rihxf hY. mYN qF pMjfb
‘c rihMdy icwqrkfrF nUM iewwk bynqI hI kr skdf
hF ik AuwTo jfgo pihlF afpy nUM Buwl ky icwqro qF jo
iPr afpxy afp nUM lwB skoN!afpxy aMdr dI aslI DuMn
nUM qF iPr hI suixaf jf skygf. -pfblo ipkfso (1881-1973)
dy ies khy nfl smfpq krdf hF ik bhuqy lok AusnUM afm
hI pwwuiCaf krdy sn ik qyry icwqr sfnUM smJ nhIN
afAudy, qF ipkfso AuhnF pfso puwwiCaF krdf sI ik:
-kI
quhfnUM rsLIan BfsLf afAudI hY? afm jvfb AusnUM iehI
imldf sI ik nhIN. iPr ipkfso bVy hI idlfsy/DIrj nfl
ikhf krdf sI ik ies df ieh mqlwb nhIN ik rsLIan BfsLf
by-arQI hY.
-aKIr
‘c mYN suirMdr sohl df iehf ilKx leI DMnvfd krdf
hF ijsny mYNnUM klm cuwkx leI pRyiraf vrnf bursL hI
myry lfgy huMdf hY.
-sLuwB
ieCfvF nfl, -inrml isMG DOsIN
******
'nfrvy'
rihMdf hY inrml isMG DONsI iewk sPLl, cricq aqy
jfixaf-pihcfixaf icqrkfr hY. Ausdy icwqrF/klf-ikRqF
dy pRdrsLn dys/ivdys ivwc huMdy hI rihMdy hn. Auprokq
pwqr ivwc DONsI hurF 'klf' sbMDI 'klfkfrF' df iDafn
mMgdy bVy hI mhwqqf pUrn pRsLn AuTfey hn. ies sbMDI
jy kr afp afpxy ivcfr dyxy cfho qF 'ilKfrI' vloN
suafgq hY.
icqrkfr inrml isMG DONsI dI klf
dy kuJ nmUny vyKx leI kilwk kro:
inrml
isMG DONsI dI icwqr-klf pRdrsLnI----ilKfrI
