pMjfbI bRfzkfsitMg mIzIaf
EvrsIjL: sfQI luiDafxvI-lMzn
(not: ieh pypr ivsLv
pMjfbI kfnPrMs 6-7-8 julfeI nUM lYstr ivKy piVHaf qy
ivcfiraf igaf)
sYtylfeIt aqy ieMtrnYt dy Xug ivc
bRfzkfsitMg iewk nvyN, nvykly aqy axikafsy dOr ivwc
dfKl ho cuwikaf hY . ryzIE, tI[vI aqy ielYktrOinwk
mIzIaf eynf qyjL qrfr ho igaf hY ik keI KLbrF kuwJ
GMitaF ivwc hI purfxIaF ho jFdIaF hn . dunIaf suMgV
ky globl ivWlyj (ivsLvI ipMz) bx geI hY . ieMtrnYt ny
ieMtraYksLn (ivcfr vtFdrf, qbfdlf-ey-iKLaflfq aqy
bihs) df dOr arMB kr idwqf hY . dunIaF dy lwKF lok
iewko vyly iewko ivsLy sbMDI afpxy ivcfr pysL kr skdy
hn . sYtylfeIt nfl juVy tYlIvIXn rfhIN lfl btn dbf ky
ieMtraYkt vI hoieaf jf skdf hY qy iewko vyr keI keI
cYnlF qy ho rhIaF bihsF ‘c ihwsf vI ilaf jf skdf
hY . aWj dy tYknOloijst bVI CyqIN CyqIN nvIN nvIN
ienovysLn qy ienvYnsLn nUM jjLb krn ivwc lwgy rihMdy
hn . ijs df Bfv ieh hY ik awj dy Xug ivwc bMdy nUM
bVI qyjLI qy cuWsqI nfl tYknOlojI dy nfl nfl qurnf
pYNdf hY .awj df KLrIidaf hoieaf pRsfrn-XMqr klH nUM
purfxf ho jFdf hY . ies leI ieh gwl XkInI ho geI hY
ik bRfzkfsitMg dy Kyqr ivwc ijhVI jLbfn nvIN
tYknOlojI qy nvIN ieMtrnYwt ivDI nfl hmkdm nhIN huMdI
qy ies qoN Pfiedf nhIN AuTfAuNdI Auh ikqy ipCFh hI
rih jFdI hY jF rih skdI hY . pMjfbI lok ies nvIN
aYzvFsmYNt qoN bhuqy sucyq nhIN lwgdy .ies pfsy vwl
pMjfbIaF nUM qurMq iDafn dyx dI loV hY .
ieMglYNz aqy hor dysLF ivwc sfzy
anykF ryzIE stysLn KulH gey hn . keI tYlIvIXn cYnlF
vI hn ijhVIaF vDyry krky Bfrq qy pfiksqfn ‘c
hoeI iPLlm-rIkfrizMg ivKf rhIaF hn . ieMglYNz aqy hor
pWCmI dysLF ‘c ikAuNik iPlimMg bhuq mihMgI pYNdI
hY qy eysLIan tI[vI[ cYnlF ieh KLrcy Jwl nhINy skdIaF
ies leI AunHF df jLor rIkfrzz mYtIrIal tYlIkfst krn
vwl hI lwgf rihMdf hY. hF kuwJ cYnlF sRI hirmMdr
sfihb qoN lfeIv bRfzkfsitMg jLrUr krdIaf hn ijs nUM
pMjfbIaF df iswK qy ihMdU BfeIcfrf dyKdf hY .
KLusLiksmqI nflL kuJ ku tI vI kMpnIaFu aWjkl apxy
kYmrfmYn eysLIan smfgLmF ‘qy myilaF ivc vI Byjx
lWg peIaF hn. pMj ku vrHy pihlF lsLkfrf tYlIvIXn (afr[tI[vI
nYWtvrk) vfilaf ny iewQoN hI iPLlimMg krnI sLurU kIqI
sI . ienHF sqrF df lyKk vI AuQy prYjLYNtr/proizAUsr
irhf hY . ijs hwd qIk tYlIvIXn ‘qy cwlx vfsqy
rIkfrizMg Auwqy afAuNdf KLrc mYN dyiKaf hY Aus qoN
ieho hI iswtf kwiZaf jf skdf hY ik ieMglYNz vrgy
mihMgy dysL ivc ieh gwl AunI dyr qIk sMBv nhIN ho
skxI ijMnI dyr qIk ik pMjfbI tI[vI cYnlF nUM sWport
krn vflIaF Bfv AunHF Auwqy aYzvrtfeIjL krn vflIaF
kMpnIaF df ieh ivsLvfs nhIN bwJdf ik pMjfbI cYnlF
Auwqy ivigafpn idKfAuxy lfhybMdy huMdy hn . ieh gWl
gOrqlb hY ik lsLkfrf tYlIvIXn lMzn ivc kfmXfb nhIN sI
ho sikaf. bysLwk jLI[tI[vI dI pMjfbI cYnl kfmXfb
idKfeI dy rhI hY. kuwJ cYnlF lfeIv tYlIPLon kflF
rfhIN vI pYsy kmf rhIaF hn pr ieh icrjIivaf hwl nhIN
hY ikAuNik kflrF vfsqy ieh kflF bhuq mihMigIaF
pYNdIaF hn qy Auh hOlLI hOlLI ienFH qoN ipCFh ht skdy
hn.
ieh gWl
vI kihxI bxdI hY ik kuJ pMjfbI lok kuJ pMjfbI cYnlF
Auqy BMgVf stfeIl gIqF qy AunHF Auwqy iPlmfeIaF geIaF
iPlmF qoN vI pRysLfn hn . AunHF df mwq hY ik pMjfbI
gIqF Auwqy iPlmfey gey kuwJ sIn pMjfbIaq dI pRqIinDqf
nhIN jy krdy qy pMjfbIaF dy ieWmyj nUM asLlIl ZMg nfl
pysL krdy hn qy pMjfbIaF nUM isrP nwcx kwudx vfly lok
hI ivKfAuNdy hn . keI lok Kuwlm KuwlHf kihx lwg pey
hn ik aijhy sIn pMjfbI siBafcfr dy BivwK nUM gMDlf
krn ivc shfeI ho rhy hn .
ijwQy
mYN Auwpr pMjfbI tYlIvIXn nUM mihMigaF ikhf hY AuwQy
ieh gwl vI XkInn kihxI pvygI ik ies mfiDam qoN bhuqI
dyr qIk prHF bYTy rihxf vI KLqrnfk hovygf . smNy nfl
hmkdm hoxf pMjfbI jLbfn leI bhuq jLrUrI hY.
tYlIvIXn
qoN Gwt KLrc vflf bRfzkfsitMg mIzIaf ryzIE vflf hY .
ieMglYNz ivwc aOPkOm (pihlF iesnUM ryzIE lfeIsYNisMg
aQOirtI ikhf jFdf sI) df srkfrI adfrf igxy cuxy
lfeIsYNs hI idMdf hY . keI ryzIE stysLn iesy krky hI
aYstrf sYtylfeIt jF skfeI sYtylfeIt rfhIN ryzIE clf
rhy hn . keI kybl rfhIN vI ieMJ kr rhy hn. sYtylFeIt
df lfeIsYNs CyqIN imlL jFdf hY. sYtylfeIt rfhIN cWlx
vflLy ryzIEjL nUM kyvl tYlIvIXn sYWt rfhIN hI suixaf
jf skdf hY. pMjfb ryzIE (ies nUM zYb ‘qy vI
suixaF jf skdf hY), akfsL ryzIE, rfj ryzIE, eysLIan
golz ryzIE, aMimRq bfxI ryzIE, suwK sfgr ryzIE aqy
Xfr ryzIE aijhy hI ryzIE stysLn hn . ieh ryzIE GrF
aqy kfrF dy pRsfrn-XMqrF Auwqy nhIN afAuNdy .
ieMglYNz ‘c pRsfrn dy KLyqr ivc pihl-kdmI
sMnrfeIjL ryzIE ny kIqI sI . ieh pihlf afjLfd eysLIan
ryzIE stysLn sI ijsdy afgmn ny eysLIan lokF ‘c
vfhvf qrQwlI mcf idwqI sI . ienHF sqrF df lyKk pihlf
pMjfbI lyKk qy bRfzkfstr sI ijsny ies stysLn Auwqy
awj qoN 16/17 vrHy pihlF pMjfbI ivwc KLbrF dyxIaF
sLurU kIqIaF sn qy iesdf nIAUjL aYzItr, izsksLn host
qy pRYjLYNtr vI irhf . awjklH Auh iesy kMpxI dy iksmq
ryzIE ‘qy izsksLn host hY . sMnrfeIjL ryzIE
brqfnIaf dy anykF sLihrF ivwc suixaf jf skdf hY .
sYtylfeIt rfhIN iesnUM sfry brqfnIaF qy XUrp ivwc aqy
ieMtrnYt Auwqy dunIaf dy hr ihwsy ivwc suixaf jf skdf
hY . ieh adfrf nhfieq sPLl ikhf jf skdf hY . ies df
mflk/sMcflk zfktr avqfr ilWt anykF hor ryzIE stysLn
vI clf irhf hY. Aus dy sRI lMkf aqy mOrysLIas ivc vI
ryzIE stysLn hn. avtfr ilt df nfm ‘sMzy
tfeImjL’ dI inhfieq amIr lokF dI ilst ivc sLfml
hY.
izijtl
tYknOlojI rfhIN vI hux bRfzkfsitMg hox lwg peI hY . DAB Auwqy
pMjfb ryzIE, Xfr ryzIE, sMn rfeIjL ryzIE, bI[ bI[ sI
eysLIan nYtvrk afid nUM suixaf jf skdf hY . lg Bg
sfry hI eysLIan ryzIE stysLn ieMtrnYt rfhIN dunIaF
ivc ikDry vI suxy jf skdy hn . DAB isstm
hOlI hOlI aiqaMq lokpRIaf ho jfvygf qy hOlLI hOlLI
vrqmfn aYnflOg isstm KLqm ho jfvygf blik kihxf cfhIdf
hY ik ieh qkrIbn KLqm ho hI igaf hY. bRfzkfsitMg dy
Kyqr ivwc zYb rfhIN iewk nvF ienklfb af igaf hY . ies
rfhIN sroiqaF nUM hor vI vDyry cox (cOies) df mOkf
imilaf hY . zYb rfhIN ryzIE nUM vDyry klYirtI nfl
suixaf jf skdf hY . zYb Auwqy afANdf hr ryzIE bVI
afsfnI nfl kYc kIqf jf skdf hY . ies rfhIN aYP[ aYm
nfloN vwDIaF rIsYpsLn afAuNdI hY . ies nUM One Touch
Tuning kihMdy hn . awjklH ijwQy
PrIkuaYNsI dI Gft hox krky bhuqy lfeIsYNs nhIN idwqy
jf skdy AuwQy zYb ‘c ieh sImf pfr kr dyx dI
smrQf hY . ieMglYNz ‘c zYb nUM kfrF ivwc bqOr
stYNzrz ryzIE dy iPwt krn dI iprq vI cwl peI hY . bI[bI[sI
dy qkrIbn sfry hI ryzIE stysLn zYb Auwqy afAux lwg
pey hn . eysLIan jF pMjfbI ryzIE afrQk vsIilaF dI Gft
kfrn, kuwJ ku nUM Cwz k,y zYb vwl nhIN af rhy . ieh
gwl not krn vflI hY ik sYtylfeIt dI sflfnf PIs eynI
ijLafdf hY ik keI ryzIE stysLn afpxy sImq bwjt kfrn
qMgdsqI ivcIN gujLr rhy hn . zYb dI PIs vI qkVI huMdI
hY . aYs vyly zYb lfeIsYNs Kfs Kfs ielfikaF leI KLfs
KLfs ryzIE stysLnF nUM hI idwqf jf irhf hY .
ieMglYNz
dI eysLIan kmWrsLIal mfrkIt dI vI afpxI sImf hY .
eysLIan ibjLnsmYn afpxy prozkt nUM vwD qoN vwD lokF
qIk phuMcfAuxf cfhuMdf huMdf hY pr jdoN Auh dyKdf hY
ik pMjfbI ryzIE stysLnF dI sImf bhuq Gwt hY qF Auh
AunHF stysLnF vwl clf jFdf hY ijwQy AusnUM ijLafdf exposure iml
skdf huMdf hY. eysy krky sfzy dysI ryzIE stysLn sfzI
vDfeI dy pfqr hn ikAuNik afrQk qOr ‘qy kyvl
pMjfbI ivc hI bRfzkfst krnf koeI sOKf kMm nhIN hY .
ajkl
ibRitsL srkfr ny kimAuintI ryzIE stysLnF nUM lfeIsYNs
dyxy sLurU kIqy hoey hn . ies iksm dy lfeIsYNs anykF
sLihrF ivwc imly vI hoey hn . sfAUQfl df dysI ryzIE
ies dI iewk imsfl hY .ies iksm dy ryzIE stysLnf
duafrf eysLIan BfeIcfrf afpxy aflLy duaflLy dIaF
smfjk aqy isafsI pRsiQqIaF vfry hor vI sucyq ho
jfieaf krygf.
bysLwk
sfzy bhuqy ryzIE stysLn gIq sMgIq vwl vDyry iDafn dy
rhy hn pr hOlI hOlI ienHF ‘qy izsksLn pRogrfm vI
hox lwg pey hn . KLbrF vI idwqIaF jf rhIaF hn pr ieh
gwl KLyd nfl kihxI pY rhI hY ik kuJ ku dIaF KLbrF aqy
bihsF df Durf afm krky Bfrq aqy pMjfb dI isafsq nfl
hI bwJf rihMdf hY . agr kuJ ku pysLkfr ieQy drpysL
afAuNdIaF smWisavF dI gWl krdy vI hn qF AunHF dI sImq
jfxkfrI lukI iCpI nhIN rihMdI. izsksLn progrfm krn
vfsqy bhuq aiDan dI loV huMdI hY qy pulItIkl qy sosLl
KLbrF qoN bhuq sucyq hoxf jLrUrI hY. bhuq sfry pMjfbI
stysLnF dI afmdn df sfDn Dfrmk pRogrfmF df pRsfrn hY
. afpxy afp ‘c ieh pRsfrn vDIaF gwl hY pr ryzIE
dy mfiDam nUM vDyry pRPLuWlq qy sfrQk bnfAux leI ieh
jLrUrI hY ik Drm qoN bfhr dy ivisLaF vfry vI dWb ky
gWl kIqI jfvy qy afmdn dy hor vsIly vI lWBy jfx.
izsksLn poRgrfmF vfry mYN kuJ hor vI kihxf cfhFgf.
iksmq ryzIE Auwqy myry vloN kIqI jFdI bihs BfvyN
mltIilMgUal hY pr ipCly lgBg vIhF sflF dy pRsfrn-pRXog
qoN mYN ieh gwl iswKI hY ik jdoN qusIN sroiqaF nUM
socx vfly qy idmfgI (ieMtlYkcUal) iksm dy ivsLy idMdy
ho qF Auh hOlI hOlI isafxIaF gwlF vI krn lwg pYNdy hn
. mYN inrol pMjfbI ivc vI ieMtlYkcual ivsLy ilaf ky
vyKy hn. lokF nUM isafxIaF gWlF krn vl hrigLjL
pryiraf jf skdf hY. ieh myrf ivsLvfs vI hY qy qjrbf
vI hY. ryzIE Auwqy PjLUl qy vfDU iksm dIaF gwlF krn
qoN rokxf qF pirjLYNtr dI afpxI ilafkq ‘qy hI
munwasr krdf hY pr sroiqaF nUM shI bihs krn leI
isLKsLq krnf vI pRIjLYNtr dI jLuMmyvfrI huMdI hY .
pypr
mIzIaf dI afpxI sImf hY. ikqfbF aKLbfrF jF mYgjLIn
pVHn leI iksy ilwpI df afAuxf jLrUrI hY pr ryzIE sunx
leI isrP kMnF qy sunx-sLkqI nUM hI sucyq krn dI loV
huMdI hY.iesy leI ryzIE Auqy kMm krdy lok iek dm bhu
cricq ho jFdy hn.
ieh gwl
vI not krn vflI hY ik pMjfbI dy bhuq sfry lyKk
bRfzkfsitMg dI sLkqI qoN axjfx hn . keI qF ryzIE
Auwqy afAuxoN bhuq iJWjkdy hn . ijwQy kvI drbfrF qy
pMjfbI sfihqk kfnPLrMsF ivwc sroiqaF dI hfjLrI idno
idn Gt rhI hY AuwQy ieh gwl mYN qjrby qoN kih skdf hF
ik ryzIE stysLnF qoN pRsfrq huMdy kivqf pfT jF sfihqk
gWl sunx vfly sroiqaF dI igxqI idno idn vD rhI hY .
iesdf Pfiedf ieh ho irhf hY ik ies igxqI ‘c Auh
lok vI sLfml hn ijhVy gurmuKI jF PfrsI ilwpI qoN
axjfx hn .
BfvyN
pypr mIzIaf bysLWk hmysLf surjIq rhygf pr ielYktROink
mIzIaf dI lok-pRIaqf vI idno idn vD rhI hY.
ielYktrOink mfiDam rfhIN hux keI KLbrnfmy/mYgLjLIn
afid cl pey hn. kMipAUtr rfhIN gurmuKI ilwpI dI
awKrmflf ny ielYktrOinwk dy bUhy KolH idwqy hn . aYpl,
afeI[bI[aYm, mfeIkrosOPt ivMzojL ‘coN gujLrdf
hoieaf awj df kMipAUtr ies styj Auwqy phuMc igaf hY
ik pMjfbI awKrmflf nUM stYNzrzfeIjL kIqf jf sky .
zfktr kulbIr isMG iQMd ny awKrmflf dI sMpUrnqf vl Tos
kdm cuwky hn . eys islsly ivc jnmyjf isMG jOhl ny vI
bhuq kMm kIqf hY . hor dosqF dy kMmF nUM vI axizWT
nhIN kIqf jf skdf. ivdysLF ivwc KLfs krky ieMglYNz
ivc bldyv kMdolf df Audwm vI slfhuxXog hY. pr keIaF
ivdvfnF vloN axQwk kIqy jf rhy XqnF dy bfvXUd vI
pMjfbI jLbfn ivigafn tYknOlojI qoN vFiJaF rih rhI hY.
dunIaF
dIaF anykf GtnfvF lokF sfhmxy ilafAux leI bRfzkfsitMg
mIzIaf iewk ivsLysL rol adfa kr skdf hY . imsfl vjoN
2004 dI sunfmI Gtnf hI leI jf skdI hY . ieh
bRfzkfsitMg aqy ielYktrOink mIzIaf hI sI ijsny swB
qoN pihlF dunIaf Br dy lokF nUM ies qRfsdI vfry jfxU
krvfieaf qy duiKafiraF dI mdd leI pRyiraf . eysy qrHF
pfiksqfn ivc afey Bucfl vfry vI ikhf jf skdf hY .
sMXukq rfsLtr mhF sBf dy jnrl skwqr koPLI eynfn df
kihxf hY ik mIzIaf hI sfzf aijhf hiQafr/ mfiDam hY
ijhVf ivsLv dy afm lokF nUM dunIaF dy vwK vwK dysLF
‘c PYlIaF hoeIaF bImfrIaF, gLrIbI, BuwK nMg aqy
vfqfvrn dy inGfr vfry sucyq krn dy kfbl hY .
dsMbr
2003 ‘c vrlz ielYktrOink mIzIaf PLorm dI pihlI
kfnPLrMs hoeI sI ijs ivwc ies gwl ‘qy jLor idwqf
igaf sI ik bRfzkfsitMg mIzIaf nfl sMbwDq lokF Auwqy
ies gwl dI bhuq vwzI jLuMmyvfrI bxdI hY ik Auh dunIaF
Br dy lokF ivckfr siBafcfrk myl jol aqy vwK vwK rMgF
dy lokF dI sihhoNd Auwqy jLor dyx qy ies loV nUM hF
pwKI (pOjLyitv) ZMg nfl pysL krn . ies gwl Auwqy
dunIaF Br dy buwDIjIvI aqy dfinsLvrF ny bihsF kIqIaF
qy ies df ncoV sMXukq rfsLtr mhF sBf dy skwqr jnrl
nUM Byijaf. nvF ielYktrOink mIzIaf aqy purfxf qy
rvfieqI mIzIaf hmkdm ho ky vI dunIaF dy Bly dI gwl kr
skdy hn . rvfieqI mIzIaf ajy vI nhfieq lok-pRIaf hY
ikAuNik dunIaf dy bhuq sfry lokIN nvyN ielYktrOink
mIzIaf vfry ivduwq nhIN hn . iesy leI ieh jLrUrI hY
ik nvyN ielYktrOink mIzIaf dy jfxkfr purfxy rvfieqI
mIzIaf dy jfxkfrF nUM nfl lY ky qurn . XfnI ik awj dy
Xug ‘c ieh jLrUrI hY ik mOzrn mIzIaf tYknOlojI
nUM smiJaf jfvy ikAuNik mOzrn mIzIaf awj dI dunIaF
nUM GVn ivwc mUhrlI kqfr ‘c hY .
dunIaF
dy iksy ihwsy ivc vI jf ky vyKIey qF ieh pqf lgdf hY
ik brqfnIaf vrgI tYlIvIXn aqy ryzIE bRfzkfsitMg ikDry
vI nhIN imldI .bI[bI[sI hI ieho ijhf iewk pRsfr-mfiDam
hY ijhVf kmWrsLIal aYzvrtfeIijLMg Auwqy inrBr nhIN
krdf; ijsdf iswDf Bfv ieh hY ik iesdy pRogrfm nf isrP
inrivGn hI rihMdy hn sgoN pwKpfq qoN vI inrlyp
rihMdy hn . bI[bI[sI df afgfjL 1922 ivwc hoieaf sI .
Aus vyly iesdf sflfnf lfeIsYNs ds sLilMg hoieaf krdf
sI . awjklH ieh 132 pONz hY . ies lfeIsYNs dy pYisaF
nfl hI ieh adfrf cldf hY . bI[bI[sI dI ryzIE
bRfzkfsitMg 1930 qwk hor vI ivksq ho geI sI. KLfs
krky jdoN iesdy ryzIE stysLnF ‘qy sports aqy
smfcfrF nUM pihl idwqI jfx lwgI .AudoN qIk bI[bI[sI
dy inAUjL bulyitn Auqy eynf XkIn kIqf jfx lwg ipaf sI
ik iesdI KLbr dy gLlq hox dI qbwko vI nhIN sI kIqI jf
skdI . bI[bI[sI Auqy bolI jFdI bolI nUM tksflI
aMgRyjLI dy qOr qy jfixaf jfx lwg ipaf sI . iesnUM
ikMgjL ieMgilsL vI ikhf jFdf sI . 1932 ivc cwlI bI[bI[sI
vrlz srivs ajy qIk brkrfr hY . bI bI sI vrlz srivs
anykF jLbfnF ivc pRsfrn krdI hY pr pMjfbI ies ivc
sLfml nhIN hY. mYN ies gWl dI qih qIk jfx dI kosLsL
kIqI qF pqf cWilaf ik pMjfbIaF vloN nf qF ies dI koeI
KLfs zImFz hI afAuNdI hY qy nf hI koeI isLkfieq. ieh
cIjL pMjfbIaF vloN afpxI jLbfn dI axgihlI dI iek
vDIaf Audfhrx hY. bI bI sI vrlLz srivs iek aYho ijhf
adfrf hY ijhVf lgBg sfrI dunIaF ivc sMbMDq dys dI
afpxI jLbfn ivc phUMcdf hY pr kuJ jLbfnF ies ivc
sLfml nhIN hn ijvyN sfzI afpxI mF bolI pMjfbI. kmfl
dI gWl qF ieh vI hY ik ieQy pMjfbI pysLkfr vI kMm
krdyy hn/sn ijvyN pRisWD aYktr blrfj sfhnI aqy AunHF
dI pihlI bIvI dimaMqI(dMmoN).
1936 ivc
ieMglYNz ivc pihlI vyr tYlIvIXn dy mfiDam dI sLurUafq
hoeI ijhVI dUjI vwzI jMg dOrfn gfhy vgfhy cldI rhI .jrmn
PLOj aqy eyarPors ny lMzn dy ‘bRfzkfsitMg
hfAUs’ nUM afpxf pihlf insLfnf bxfieaf hoieaf sI
.akqUbr 1940 ivc iewk bMb ies hfAUs Auqy Aus smyN
zyigaf igaf sI jdoN iesdf pihlf inAUjLkfstr brUs
bYlPLryjL KLbrF pVH irhf sI .
dUjI
aflmI jMg qoN bfad 1950 qIk bI[bI[sI tYlIvIXn CwqI
GMty pRqI hPLqf bRfzkfsitMg krn lwg ipaf sI pr
mhFrfxI ailjLfbYwQ dI 1953 ‘c hoeI qfjposLI dy
pRogrfmF ny bI[bI[sI nUM bhuq lok pRIaf bxf idwqf .
eys smfgLm nUM bI[bI[sI ny pihlI vyr ijLMdf (lfeIv)
bRfzkfst kIqf sI .
1955
‘c brqfnIaF dIaF afjLfd bRfzkfsitMg kMpxIaF ny
bI[bI[sI nUM mukfbly leI vMgfiraf . srkfr ny iewk
ieMzIpYNzYt tYlIvIXn kMpxI nUM brfzkfsitMg lfeIsYNs
dy idwqf . ieh aqy hor adfry awj qIk vwK vwK cYnlF
clf rhy hn . ijwQy bI[bI[sI tYlIvIXn lokF qoN leI
hoeI lfeIsYNs PIs nfl cldf hY AuwQy afjLfd tYlIvIXn
kMpxIaF kmWrsLIal ivigafpnF duafrf cldIaF hn . eysy
qrHF hI ieMglYNz ‘c sYNkVy hI ryzIE stysLn
aYzvrtfeIijLMg dy shfry cldy hn ijnHF ivwc eysLIan
ryzIE stysLn vI sLfml hn . eysLIan ryzIE stysLnF ivwc
vwzI igxqI pMjfbIaF dI mlkIaq hyT hY.
lMzn df
sMnrfeIjL ryzIE ieMzIpYNzYNt eysLIan ryzIE
bRfzkfsitMg df moZI ikhf jf skdf hY blik swc qF ieh
hY ik ieh iewk ieho ijhf stysLn hY ijsnUM swB qoN
vwzf,pihlf afjLfd, bhuBfsLI aqy bhupwKI ryzIE ikhf jf
skdf hY. aWjkl sMnrfeIjL ryzIE,y iksmq ryzIE aqy Xfr
ryzIE ieko hI iblizMg coN sfAUQfl qoN cldy hn.klWb
eysLIaf,ryzIE aYks aYl, bI bI sI ryzIE nYWtvrk qy
eysLIan golz afid dUsry bhu BfsLI ryzIE stysLn hn.
bI[bI[sI
tI[vI dy brimMGm qoN afAuNdy sLurU sLurU dy eysLIan
pRogrfmF ivc hr iewk nUM ihMdI bolx leI afiKaf jFdf
sI . iewQoN qwk ik isLv kumfr qy aMimRqf pIRqm nUM vI
ihMdI ivc hI bolx leI afiKaf igaf sI . iesy qrfH myry
nflL kIqI geI ieMtrvIAU vyly vI myry mulfkfqI cmn lfl
cmn ny kYmrf rol hox qoN pihlF mYnUM disaf sI ik mYN
ihMdI ivc hI bolF. pr mYnUM qy AunHF nUM pqf sI ik
ieh pflsI bI[bI[sI dy eysLIan sMcflkF dI sI nf ik
iksy iewk pysLkfr dI . AunHIN idnI ies gwl df vI
iKafl rwiKaf jFdf sI ik ihMdUaF aqy muslmfnF
‘coN vfrI vfrI pysLkfr ley jfx . so jy iewk
hPLqy sflIm sLfihd afAuNdf huMdf sI qF dUjy hPLqy
mihMdr kOl dI vfrI huMdI sI . ivc ivc dy hor Coty
moty pRogrfmF ivc hor DrmF dy pysLkfr sLfml huMdy sn
. eysLIan pRogrfmF ‘c vwzf ienklfb AudoN afieaf
jdoN Bfrq aqy pfiksqfn dIaF tI[vI cYnlF sYtylfeIt
rfhIN brqfnIaf aqy hor dysLF dy zrfieMg rUmF ivc af
vVIaF . pMjfb ryzIE, sMnrfeIjL ryzIE, afkfsL rydIE,
spYktrm ryzIE, aMimRq bfxI ryzIE, aqy suwK sfgr ryzIE
afid anykF sYtylfeIt ryzIE iswK Drm nfl sbMDq pRogrfm
pysL krdy hn . ienHF ivcoN keI hor DrmF nUM vI tfeIm
idMdy hn.
eysLIan
ryzIE stysLnF vloHN idqy jFdyy pMjfbI pRogrfmF dy
bVHfvy kfrn gIq sMgIq afid nUM iewk dm lokF qIk
phuMcfieaf jfx lwg ipaf hY . kuwJ ku ryzIE stysLnF qy
vwjdy ienHF gIqF dI kuafltI Auwqy kdy Gwt vwD hI
ivcfr kIqf jFdf lgdf hY . pysLkfr ijwQy iewk gIq
vDIaF poietrI qy sur qfl vflf vjf idMdf hY AuwQy iewk
dm ieho ijhf gIq vI pysL kr idwqf jFdf hY ijhVf
nhfieq lwcr iksm df huMdf hY . keIaF dy bol mltIklcrl
sosfietI leI ZuWkvyN vI nhIN huMdy . keIaF ivc jLfq
pfq df ijLkr huMdf hY . keIaF ivc iksy iek kOm nUM
bfkIaF nfloN vDIaf idKfAux dI kosLsL huMdI hY qy
keIaF ivc sLrfb qy zrgjL nUM glorIPfeI kIqf hoieaf
huMdf hY . keIaF gIqF ivc ilMg ivqkrf huMdf hY Bfv
ijnHF dy puwqr huMdy hn Auh krmF vfly mfpy drsfeyy
jFdy hn qy ijnHF dy isrP DIaF huMdIaF hn Auh bdiksmq
idKLfey jFdy hn. keIaF gIqF ivc kuwJ ku mnuwKI qy
pivqr smJy jFdy irsLiqaF nUM asLlIl ZMg nfl idKfieaf
jFdf hY. keIaF ivc bjLurgF df mjLfk AuVfieaf jFdf hY
.juafn kuVIaF kfmuk rucIaF vflIaF aqy iesLk ivc
aMnHIaF hoeIaF dwsIaF jFdIaF hn . aijhy gIq vI gfey
jFdy hn ijnHF ivc mfr DfV qy ipsqOl dI vrqoN aqy
gMzfisaF df pRXog krnf bhfdrI dy icMnH dwsy jFdy hn .
pVHfeIaF ilKfeIaF nUM Cwz ky iesLk pyicaF dI ijLMdgI
Auwqy jLor idwqf jFdf hY . prdysF dy gux gfey jFdy hn
qy pMjfb dI gLrIbI dy kIrny pfey jFdy hn . vrk klcr
dI iKwlI AuzfeI jFdI hY . pMjfbIaF vfry JUTy axKI gIq
pysL kIqy jFdy hn . pMjfbI gIq sMgIq BMgVy igwDy iksm
dy gIqF qIk hI mihdUd ho ky rih gey lgdy hn .bysLk
pfiksqfnI pMjfb qy BfrqI pMjfb coN awjklH kuwJ cMgI
iksm df sMgIq af irhf hY .
ryzIE
pysLkfr afm qOr qy afpxy pRogrfm df aYzItr vI afp hI
huMdf hY . Auh afpxI sUJ anusfr hI gIq pysL krdf hY .pr
eysLIan ryzIE stysLnF dI Brmfr ny aijhy pysLkfr vI
pYdf kr idwqy hn ijnHF dI afpxI bol cfl qy qwlPLjL vI
TIk nhIN huMdf . Auh gLjLl nUM gjl kih irhf huMdf hY,
ijLafdf nUM jfdf, KLudkusLI nUM KLudksLI, avfjL nUM
avfj, jjLbfq nUM jjbfq qy kmIjL nUM kmIc afid. iewk
pysLkfr nUM mYN bfad dupihr df pRogrfm sfeIn aOP krn
vyly sLwbf KLYr kihMidaF vI suixaf hY . bhuq GWt
pMjfbI pysLkfr proPYsLnfiljLm dI ksOtI Auwqy pUryu
Auwqrdy hn . kYnyzf dy iewk pypr ny ipwCy ijhy iewk
lMmf cOVf afrtIkl iliKaf sI ijsdf ncoV ieho sI ik
bhuqy pMjfbI pysLkfr afpxI hI avfjL dy sdky vfrI jFdy
rihMdy hn . keIaF kuVIaF muMizaF ny ryzIE bRfzkfstr
bnx dy cwkr ‘c afpxy Gr vI puwt ley hn . bhuqy
ryzIE stysLn afpxy pysLkfrF nUM GWt PLIs idMdy hn .
dUjy pfsy keI ryzIE stysLnF vfly msF gujLfrf hI krdy
hn . ivigafpn lYx leI dOV Bwj kr rhy ienHF dy sMcflk
sImq ijhI eysLIan kmWrsLIal mfrkIt ‘c iek dUjy
qoN aWgy ho ho ky ryt GWt dyx qIk cly jFdy hn.
kYnyuzf ivc qF keI pMjfbI stysLn AuNglF qy ignx jogI PER INSERTION
FEE hI cfrj krdy hn . jy ryzIE
stysLnF vfilaF nUM afmdn nhIN hovygI qF Auh pysLkfrF
nUM cMgI PIs ikQoN dyxgy? dUjy pfsy jy pysLkfr muPLq
ivc jF ingUxI ijhI PIs lY ky kMm kr rhy hn qF Auh
vDIaf kuafiltI df pRogrfm vI ikvyN pysL kr skdy hn .drasl
qF ieh pysLkfr rojLgfr leI iksy hor QF hI kMm krdy
huMdy hn . so kihx df mqlb ieh hY ik ijMnI dyr qIk
bRfzkfsitMg ivc proPYsLnfiljLm nhIN afANudf AuwnI dyr
qIk pMjfbI qy hor eysLIan jLbfnF vI qrwkI vwl nhIN jf
skdIaF . pr iek hor gWl vI sfzy pMjfbI aqy eysLIan
ryzIE stysLnF dy krYizt ivc jFdI hY ik ienFH ny sfzI
kimuAUintI ivc Cuipaf hoieaf tylYNt vI bfhr kWiZaf hY
qy keIaF nOjvfnf aqy muitafrF nUM mfeIkroPLon
mUhry bYTx df avsr idWqf hY.
ijwQy
kYnyzf qy hor dysLF ivc eysLIan/pMjfbI ryzIE stysLn
jwdI aMgRyjLI ryzIE stysLnF qoN bRfzkfsitMg tfeIm
KLrId ky pRogrfm pysL krdy hn AuwQy ieMglYNz
ivc bhuqy ryzIE stysLn jLfqI jF ilimtz kMpnIaF dI
mlkIaq hyT hn BfvyN ik ienHF nUM srkfr vloN idwqI
hoeI gfeIz lfeIn hyT hI pRogrfm pysL krny pYNdy hn .
eysy leI ienHF dy mflk hr vyly huisLafr rihMdy hn.
ienHF ryzIE stysLnF dy sMcflkF df muwdf ies kMmkfr
ipwCy sLok nUM pflxf vI hY qy ivAupfrk qOr qy kfmXfb
hoxf vI hY .ienHF ivwcoN kuwJ ryzIE stysLn ivAupfrk
qOr qy aqI sPLl hn qy kuwJ ku qkVy sMGrsL ivcIN vI
gujLr rhy hn .pMjfbI ryzIE stysLnF dy sMcflkF
dI ihMmq dI dfd dyxI bxdI hY .
ieMglYNz
ivc pMjfb ryzIE, dysI ryzIE, Xfr ryzIE, suwKsfgr
ryzIE, aMimRq bfxI ryzIE, akfsL ryzIE qy lYstr qoN
cldy rfj ryzIE nUM asl qOr qy kyvl qy kyvl pMjfbI
ryzIE stysLn ikhf jf skdf hY . kuwJ ryzIE stysLnF dy
nfm myry ijLhn’coN inkl gey vI ho skdy hn .
dUsry ryzIE bhu-BfsLI ryzIE hn ijnHF ivc aksr hI
pMjfbIaF qy pMjfbI df bol bflf huMdf hY . iksmq qy
sMnrfeIjL ryzIE aMgRyjLI, AurdU, ihMdI qy pMjfbI qoN
ielfvf dUjIaF eysLIan BfsLfvF ivc vI bRfzkfst krdy hn
. isafsI aqy smfjk gwlF qoN lY ky sports aqy Dfrmk
pRogrfm vI pysL krdy hn . sYtylfeIt qy suxy jf skx
vfly eysLIan golz ryzIE Auwqy vI ieho kuwJ huMdf hY .klwb
eysLIaf qy Xfr ryzIE nvIN pIVHI leI kytr krdy hn .
spYktrm ryzIE bhu-BfsLI hY . ryzIE aYks aYl qy bI[bI[sI
eysLIan nYtvrk vI iesy sur dy hn . myrI jfxkfrI
anusfr pMjfbI pfiksqfnIaF df koeI vI pMjfbI ryzIE
stysLn nhIN hY . bhuqy pfiksqfnI bhu-BfsLI eysLIan
ryzIE stysLnF nfl juVy hoey lgdy hn. bhuqy pMjfbI
ryzIE stysLnF nUM sLfied Auh iswK Drm nfl juVy hoey
qy Bfrq-pwKI smJdy hn. pr ieh kihxf vI gLlq hovygf ik
pfiksqfnI pMjfbI, AuWkf cuWkf pMjfbI ryzIE suxdy hI
nhIN. Auprokq idwqy nfvF qoN ielfvf eysLIan sAUNz
ryzIE ieMglYNz dy nOrQ vYst nUM kvr krdf hY .ies
Auwqy aMgRyjLI, pMjfbI, AurdU, gujrfqI aqy bMgflI
‘c pRogrfm bRfzkfst kIqy jFdy hn . grytr lMzn
rIjn ivc bI[bI[sI QrI kfAUNtIjL ryzIE bhu-BfsLI
pRogrfm idMdf hY . lYstr df swbrs ryzIE 1990 ‘c
cwilaf sI qy bhu-BfsLI hY . kuwJ ku tYlIvIXn stysLn
vI hn ijvyN jLI[tI[vI pMjfbI, bI PLfr XU, sonI, eyrI,
pI[tI[vI,aYm zI tI vI, afsQf, aYm[ey[tI[vI, zI[ey[tI[vI,
stfr plws, stfr inAUjL afid.pqf lWgf hY ik sqMbr qoN
‘sLfn pMjfb dI’ nF df iek pMjfbI cYnl cWlx
lWgf hY.iesy qrFH sMnrfeIjL ryzIE vloHN vI iek
sMnrfeIjL tYlvIXn clfAux dI Xojnf df pqf lWgf hY.
amrIkf
ivc kYlyPLornIaF qoN iek do ryzIE stysLn kfmXfbI nflL
cWl rhy hn. inAUXork,vfisLMgtn aqy klIvlYNz qoN
vIkaYNz qy pRsfrn huMdf hY.kYnyzf ivc iekbfl mfhl
AunFH lokF ivcoN hn ijMnHF ny troNto ivc pihlI vyr
aWsIivaF ivc tYlIvIXn qy ryzIE clfAux df afXojn kIqf
sI.AunFH dI pusqk ‘surF dy sudfgLr’ ny
ijWQy AnFH nUM bqOr vDIaf vfrqfkfr dy sQfpq kIqf hY
AuQy bRfzkfsitMg dy BfeIcfry ivc AnuNFH df mfx sqkfr
vDfieaf hY.troNto ivc kuldIp dIpk iek hor hsqfKLr hY
ijs ny nf isrPL gfiekI dy KLyqr ivc hI nfmxf KLWitaf
hY sgLoN bRfzkfsitMg dy KLyqr ivc vI qkVf QF bxfieaf
hY.pihlF pihl iekbfl mfhl aqy kuldIp dIpk iekWTy hI
tI vI/ryzIE clfieaf krdy sn.troNto qoN ielfvf vYnkUvr
qoN vI keI ryzIE qy tI vI cYnlF cldIaF hn.AunHF dI
kuafltI vfry qF sLfied ikMqU pRMqU ho skdf hY pr
suihrdqf vfry nhIN.
ieMglYNz
ivc pMjfb ryzIE dy sMcflk surjIq GuMmx, suKL sfgLr
aqy eysLIan golz ryzIE dy sMcflk jLorfvr isMG gfKLl,afkfsL
ryzIE dy sMcflk suKLivMdr isMG, rfj ryzIE dy sMcflk
zfktr crnpRIq isMG jOhl, suKLdyv isMG aojlf, dyivMdr
isMG ZysI aqy AunFH dy sfry sfQI aqy hor ryzIE
stysLnf vflLy bVI imhnq kr rhy hn qy afpxI afpxI QF
sPLl vI hn.bhuqy pRsfrn mIzIey df mqlb bhuqf
kMpItIsLn vI hY. kMpItIsLn hmysLf hI ishqmMd huMdf hY.
smuwcy
qOr qy ikhf jf skdf hY ik ieMglYNz ivc eysLIan ryzIE
df BivwK rOsLn hY .bhuqy pMjfbI ryzIE stysLn bhuq
kfmXfb hn .pMjfbI tYlIvIXn vfly vI hOlI hOlI kfmXfbI
vwl vD rhy hn.
mYN ies
prcy ivc pypr mIzIaf df ijLkr nhIN kIqf ikAuNik ieh
ivsLf iewk vwKry aqy vwz-afkfrI prcy dI mMg krdf hY .
pr iPLr vI ieWQy sMKLyp ivc ies df ieiqhfs dWsxf
jLrUrI hY. ieMglYNz ivc bhuqy eYsLIan sWTivaF ivc
aAuxy sLurUu hoey sn. ienfH nvyN afieaF ivc pVHy
ilKLy qy sfihq ivc mWs rWKLx vflLy lok pr KLfs krky
nOjvfn vI sLfml sn. ienFH ny ieQy afky nf isrPL sfihq
sBfvF hI bxfeIaF qy ilKLx pVHn vflLy dosqF nUM iekWTy
hI kIqf sgoN pMjfbI ivc aKLbfrF aqy mYgLjLIn kWZx df
vI AuqsLfh idKLfieaf. eys sUcI ivc kuJ nfm sLfml hn.
ijhVy nfm mYN BuWl igaf hovF AunHF dy purfxy qy nvyN
sMcflkF qoN muafPLI mMgdf hF. sB qoN pihlf pypr, myrI
jfxkfrI anusfr, prdysI sMqoKL DflIvfl aqy sLfQI
luiDafxvI vloN clfieaf igaf sI. iPLr crcf (ivsLnUM
dWq sLrmf-hux drsLn iZloN), dys prdys(qrsym puryvfl-hux
gLurbKLsL isMG ibrk)),pMjfb tfeImjL (gurnfm isMG
sfhnI-hux zrbI dy imstr puryvfl), sMdysL ieMtrnYsLnl
(ajIq siq BMbrf qy jMizaflvI), svyrf(gurcrn sWgU),
sUrj (svrn cMdn),pRvcn (sMqoKL DflIvfl- svrn cMdn),
hux(avqfr jMizaflvI), rxjIq(muPLq), mn ijWq(muPLq),
sLbd (hrjIq atvfl), prdysx, rcnf(g s ajIb), mIrjLfdf(jIq),
afvfijL-kOm, suBfgvqI, rUpvqI (kYlfsL purI), pMjfb dI
afvfjL, pMjfbI drpn (kOsLl), pMjfbI post, sfihb,isWKL
tfeImjL ,pMjfb ieMtrnYsLnl(sMDU) afid. ienFH coN keIy
pypr bMd ho cuWky hn. kYnyzf qy amrIkf coN vI anykF
prcy inkldy hn/sn ijvyN ieMzo kYnyzIan tfeImjL, hmdrd,
pMj diraf, pMj pfxI, ngLfrf, rxjIq, itRibAUn, troNto
itRibAUn, pMjfb stfr, pMjfbI post, sFJ svyrf, pRvfsI,KLbrnfmf
afid. kuJ ku dy nfm mYnUM pqf vI nhIN ho skdy. ies
vfsqy mYN iKLmf mMgdf hF. ieh prcf mYN afpxy vloH
pUrI suihrdqf nflL iliKLaf hY. kmIaF jLrUr rih geIaF
hoxgIaF. pr kihxf bxdf hY ik ieh sbjYkt bhuq vWzf hY
qy hor vI vDyry siPLaF dI mMg krn vflLf hY.
(15 agsq 2006)
